Projectとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

Noun

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒ.ɛkt/, (まれに) /ˈpɹəʊ.dʒɛkt/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹəʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/, /ˈpɹɒd͡ʒ.ɛkt/
• (General American) enPR: prŏʹjĕkt', prŏʹjĭkt IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɑˌd͡ʒɛkt/, /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɪ̈kt/
• (Canada) IPA^(key): /ˈpɹɑ.d͡ʒɛkt/, /ˈpɹoʊ.d͡ʒɛkt/
• 韻: -ɒd͡ʒɛkt, -əʊd͡ʒɛkt
• ハイフネーション: proj‧ect

Verb

• (Received 発音, General American, Canada) enPR: prə-jĕktʹ IPA^(key): /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkt/
• 韻: -ɛkt
• ハイフネーション: pro‧ject

名詞

project (複数形 projects)

1. A planned endeavor, usually with a specific goal and accomplished in several steps or stages.
   • a. 1729, John Rogers, The Greatness of the Gospel Salvation

     projects of happiness devised by human reason

   • 1924, Clarence Budington Kelland, The Steadfast Heart/Chapter 22:

     Rainbow, […] came forward enthusiastically to put its money into the project in sums which ran all the way from one share at ten dollars to ten shares

   • 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

     The proposal with China would involve a project to create artificial rain.

2. (usually in the plural, US) An urban low-income housing building.

   Projects like Pruitt-Igoe were considered irreparably dangerous and demolished.

   • 1996, “Stakes is High”, in Stakes Is High, performed by De La Soul:

     Experiments when needles and skin connect / No wonder where we live is called the projects

   • 2012, “Money Trees”, in Good Kid, M.A.A.D City, performed by Kendrick Lamar ft. Jay Rock:

     Imagine rock up in them projects / Where them niggas pick your pockets

3. (dated) An idle scheme; an impracticable design.

   a man given to projects

4. (US, sports) a raw recruit who the team hopes will improve greatly with coaching; a long shot diamond in the rough
   • 2014 October 27, Gabriele Marcotti, “Ancelotti triumphs, van Gaal's progress, Dortmund disappoint, more”, in ESPN FC:

     Sakho was seen as no-frills, whereas Maiga was a project who could develop into the next big thing.

   • 2018 September 2, Arnie Melendrez Stapleton, “Broncos cut ties with 2016 first-round pick QB Lynch”, in WNYT:

     Elway acknowledged at the time that Lynch was a project who needed some seasoning but he expressed hope that Lynch might be a quick study. He wasn't.

5. (obsolete) A projectile.
6. (obsolete) A projection.

下位語

派生語

派生した語

• → Japanese: プロジェクト (purojekuto)
• → Korean: 프로젝트 (peurojekteu)
• → Scottish Gaelic: pròiseact

動詞

project (三人称単数 現在形 projects, 現在分詞 projecting, 過去形および過去分詞形 projected)

1. (intransitive) To extend beyond a surface.

   Synonyms: extend, jut, protrude, stick out

2. (transitive) To cast (an image または shadow) upon a surface; to throw or cast forward; to shoot forth.

   Synonyms: cast, throw

   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 45:

     Before his feet her selfe she did proiect

   • 1713, Alexander Pope, “Windsor-Forest. […]”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, →OCLC:

     Behold! th' ascending villas on my side / Project long shadows o'er the crystal tide.

3. (transitive) To extend (a protrusion または appendage) outward.

   Synonyms: extend, jut, jut out

4. (transitive) To make plans for; to forecast.

   Synonyms: forecast, foresee, foretell

   • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXI, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 172:

     To form a strict alliance between the cabinets of Paris and London—which meant, that he should influence both,—to induce Charles to marry the loveliest of his nieces, Hortense—thus making a common interest between them, were now the great objects with the Cardinal; and the present visit was of his projecting.

   The CEO is projecting the completion of the acquisition by April 2007.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     projecting Peace and Warr?

5. (transitive, reflexive) To present (oneself), to convey a certain impression, usually in a good way.
   • 1946, Dr. Ralph S. Banay; The Milwaukee Journal, Is Modern Woman a Failure‎^[1]:

     It is difficult to gauge the exact point at which women stop trying to fool men and really begin to deceive themselves, but an objective analyst cannot escape the conclusion (1) that partly from a natural device inherent in the species, women deliberately project upon actual or potential suitors an impression of themselves that is not an accurate picture of their total nature, and (2) that few women ever are privileged to see themselves as they really are.

6. (transitive, psychology, psychoanalysis) To assume qualities or mindsets in others based on one's own personality.
7. (cartography) To change the projection (または coordinate system) of spatial data with another projection.
8. (geometry) To draw straight lines from a fixed point through every point of any body or figure, and let these fall upon a surface so as to form the points of a new figure.
9. (neuroanatomy) (of a neuron または group of neurons) to have axon(s) extending to and therefore able to influence a remote location
10. (transitive) To cause (one's voice または words) to be heard at a great distance.

    to project one's voice

11. (intransitive) To speak or sing in such a way that one can be heard at a great distance.
    • 2016, Sam Esmail; Courtney Looney, Mr. Robot: Red Wheelbarrow: eps1.91_redwheelbarr0w.txt, Abrams Books, New York City, →ISBN:

      You would think that topic coulda put me to sleep, but HE can really project when HE wants to.

派生語

• misproject (verb)

参考

• extrapolate

Further reading

• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “project”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.