secularとは

語源

From Old French seculer, from Latin saecularis (“of the age”), from saeculum.

発音

• IPA^(key): /sɛk.jə.lə(ɹ)/, /sɛk.jʊu.lɑː(ɹ)/ (Britain)

形容詞

secular (comparative more secular, superlative most secular)

1. Not specifically religious; lay or civil, as opposed to clerical.
2. Temporal; worldly, or otherwise not based on something timeless.
3. (Christianity) Not bound by the vows of a monastic order.

   secular clergy in Catholicism

4. Happening once in an age or century.

   The secular games of ancient Rome were held to mark the end of a saeculum and the beginning of the next.

5. Continuing over a long period of time, long-term.

   The long-term growth in population and income accounts for most secular trends in economic phenomena.

   on a secular basis

   • 2006, The Economist, Economics focus: Dividing the pie

     The skewed distribution of productivity gains is thus less a new phenomenon than a secular trend.

6. (literary) Centuries-old, ancient.
   • 1899, Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness, section 3

     The long reaches that were like one and the same reach, monotonous bends that were exactly alike, slipped past the steamer with their multitude of secular trees looking patiently after this grimy fragment of another world, the forerunner of change, of conquest, of trade, of massacres, of blessings.

7. (astrophysics, geology) Relating to long-term non-periodic irregularities, especially in planetary motion or magnetic field.
   • 2003, E. T. Jaynes, Probability Theory: The Logic of Science, Cambridge University Press, pages 234–235:

     Laplace (1749–1827) "saved the world" by using probability theory to estimate the parameters accurately enough to show that the drift of Jupiter was not secular after all; the observations at hand had covered only a fraction of a cycle of an oscillation with a period of about 880 years.

8. (atomic physics) Unperturbed over time.
   • 2000, S. A. Dikanov, Two-dimensional ESEEM Spectroscopy, in New Advances in Analytical Chemistry (Atta-ur-Rahman, ed.), page 539

     The secular A and nonsecular B parts of hyperfine interaction for any particular frequencies ν_α and ν_β are derived from eqn.(21) by ...

同意語

• (not religious): worldly

反意語

• nonsecular
• (not religious): religious
• (not religious): sacred (used especially of music)
• (not bound by monastic vows): monastic
• (not bound by monastic vows): regular (as regular clergy in Catholicism)
• eternal, everlasting
• frequent
• unpredictable
• non-recurring
• (finance): short-term
• (finance): cyclical

派生語

• secularism
• secularist
• paleosecular

名詞

secular (複数形 seculars)

1. A secular ecclesiastic, or one not bound by monastic rules.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Burke to this entry?)

2. A church official whose functions are confined to the vocal department of the choir.

   (Can we find かつ add a quotation of Busby to this entry?)

3. A layman, as distinguished from a clergyman.

参照

• Webster's English Dictionary

アナグラム

• Clauser, cesural, recusal