tyburnとは 意味・読み方・使い方

固有名詞

Tyburn

1. A manor, first mentioned in the Domesday Book (1086).

   Tyburn manor house was used as a hunting lodge by both Henry VIII and Elizabeth I; it was demolished in 1791.

2. (historical) The Tyburn tree, a gallows where public hangings were carried out until 1783.
   • 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 203:

     The ringleaders of the gang were eventually hanged at Tyburn.

3. (historical) A former village in Middlesex, England (present-day Greater London), notable for its proximity to the Tyburn tree.

   The Tyburn villagers suffered considerably from the unruliness and vandalism of the people who gathered to watch the executions, and relocated closer to the manor house, to found what would become known as Marylebone, named after the Tyburn parish church of Saint Mary.

   • 1499, John Skelton, The Bowge of Courte:

     Unthryftynes in hym may well be shewed, / For whome Tyborne groneth both daye and nyghte.

4. (historical) A former stream (or bourn) in Middlesex, tributary to the Thames at four sites (mouths).

   Synonyms: River Tyburn, Ty Bourne

5. (historical) A former small stream in Middlesex, tributary to the River Westbourne; frequently confused with the nearby and much longer River Tyburn.

   Synonym: Tyburn Brook

   • 1889, "Tyburn Tree", entry in Ebenezer Cobham Brewer, The Reader's Handbook of Allusions, References, Plots and Stories, page 1046,

     Tyburn Tree (The), a gallows so called because criminals were at one time hung on the elm trees which grew on the banks of the Tyburn.

使用する際の注意点

• Usages seem often to be ambiguous:
  • In particular, the river and brook are often confounded, especially in older texts, apparently chiefly in favour of the river.

派生語

参照