英和和英

語源

From Latin arthrītis, from Ancient Greek ἀρθρῖτις (arthrîtis, “joint-disease, gout”), from ἄρθρον (árthron, “a joint”). By surface analysis, arthr- +‎ -itis.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɑːˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/
• (General American, Canada) IPA: /ɑɹˈθɹ(a)ɪtɪs/, [ɑɹˈθɹ(a)ɪɾɪs]
• (General Australian) IPA: /ɐːˈθɹ(ɑ)ɪtɪs/, /aːˈθɹ(ɑ)ɪtɪs/

名詞

arthritis (countable and uncountable, plural arthritides or arthritises)

1. Inflammation of a joint or joints causing pain and/or disability, swelling and stiffness, and due to various causes such as infection, trauma, degenerative changes or metabolic disorders: any of several disease entities.

   Hyponyms: osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease; rheumatoid arthritis; septic arthritis

   • 1878, L[éon Athanese] Gosselin, “I. Hyperostosis of Right Femur. II. Necrosis of Left Tibia.”, in Lewis A. Stimson, transl., Clinical Lectures on Surgery, Delivered at the Hospital of La Charité, Philadelphia, Pa.: Henry C. Lea, part I (Surgical Diseases of Youth), page 42:

     The suppurating osteo-myelitis and arthritis did not assume a form sufficiently putrid to cause purulent infection; the patient also escaped hecticity;

   • 2012, Patrick White, The Cockatoos: Shorter Novels and Stories, →ISBN:

     She identified the dry grasp and the finger joints (both the Simpsons were dry-handed, and in the early stages of arthritis, so Dr Simpson had diagnosed).

   • 2024 September 6, David Zelman, “Understanding Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis -- the Basics”, in WebMD‎:

     Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), often referred to by doctors today as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is a type of arthritis that causes joint inflammation and stiffness for more than six weeks in a child aged 16 or younger. It affects approximately 50,000 children in the United States. Inflammation causes redness, swelling, warmth, and soreness in the joints, although many children with JRA do not complain of joint pain.

派生語

参考

• arthralgia
• arthrosis
• rheumatism
• gout

Further reading

• “arthritis”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “arthritis”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “arthritis”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [arˈtʰriː.tɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [arˈt̪riː.t̪is]
• ハイフネーション: ar‧thrī‧tis

名詞

arthrītis f (genitive arthrītidis); third declension

1. arthritis (inflammation of a joint)

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

Further reading

• “arthritis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “arthritis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.