英和和英

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈhjuːmənɪz(ə)m/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈhjumənɪz(ə)m/

名詞

humanism (usually uncountable, plural humanisms)

1. The study of the humanities or the liberal arts; literary (especially classical) scholarship. [from 19th c.]
2. (historical, often capitalized) Specifically, a cultural and intellectual movement in 14th-16th century Europe characterised by attention to classical culture and a promotion of vernacular texts, notably during the Renaissance. [from 19th c.]
   • 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 575:

     There were good reasons for humanism and the Renaissance to take their origins from fourteenth-century Italy.

3. An ethical system that centers on humans and their values, needs, interests, abilities, dignity and freedom; especially used for a secular one which rejects theistic religion and superstition. [from 19th c.]
   • 2018, Steven Pinker, “Chapter 1: Dare to Understand!”, in Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress, Penguin, →ISBN:

     The idea of a universal human nature brings us to a third theme, humanism. The thinkers of the Age of Reason and the Enlightenment saw an urgent need for a secular foundation for morality, because they were haunted by a historical memory of centuries of religious carnage: the Crusades, the Inquisition, witch hunts, the European wars of religion. They laid that foundation in what we now call humanism, which privileges the well-being of individual men, women, and children over the glory of the tribe, race, nation, or religion. It is individuals, not groups, who are sentient—who feel pleasure and pain, fulfillment and anguish. Whether it is framed as the goal of providing the greatest happiness for the greatest number or as a categorical imperative to treat people as ends rather than means, it was the universal capacity of a person to suffer and flourish, they said, that called on our moral concern.

4. Humanitarianism.

   Near-synonyms: solidarity, philanthropy, generosity

派生語

関連する語

参考

Further reading

• Humanism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Renaissance humanism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia