英和和英

語源

From bone +‎ seeker.^[1]

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˈbəʊnsiːkə/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈboʊnˌsikɚ/
• ハイフネーション: bone‧seek‧er

名詞

boneseeker (複数形 boneseekers)

1. (physiology, radiology) Any element, especially a radioisotope, that has a tendency to accumulate in bones.
   • 1954 September 1, Subcommittee on Protection against Radiations from Radium, Cobalt-60, and Cesium-137 Encapsulated Sources, “General Considerations”, in Protection from Radiations from Radium, Cobalt-60, and Cesium-137 (National Bureau of Standards Handbook; 54), Washington, D.C.: National Bureau of Standards, U.S. Department of Commerce, OCLC 612306742, section 2.2 (Hazards), page 7:

     Some isotopes that are not alpha-emitters are also "bone[-]seekers," and are not well eliminated. The result is that even a small quantity of these materials, retained in the body, may lead to depression of bone marrow activity, and to serious bone lesions.

   • 1959 October, H. A. Kornberg, “Biological Implications of Radioactive Wastes”, in Sixth International Congress and Exhibition of Electronics and Atomic Energy, Rome, Italy, June 1959: U.S. Papers (United States Atomic Energy Commission Technical Information Service; TID-7579), Oak Ridge, Tenn.: Division of International Affairs, United States Atomic Energy Commission, OCLC 37605968, page 6:

     The bases of working limits for environmental contamination are the permissible limits for internal emitters. If the internal emitter is a bone-seeker (examples are plutonium, Sr⁹⁰, かつ the まれに earths) the criterion for establishing limits is based on the history of humans who have had radium deposited in their skeletons. To experimentally find the maximum quantity of a radioactive bone-seeker that can deposit in the human skeleton without adverse effect, it is usual to compare the toxicity in experimental animals of the bone-seeker with that of radium.

   • 1977 October, Karl F. Hübner; Gould A. Andrews; Raymond L. Hayes; J. Kenneth Poggenburg, Jr.; Alan Solomon, “The Use of Rare-earth Radionuclides and Other Bone-seekers in the Evaluation of Bone Lesions in Patients with Multiple Myeloma or Solitary Plasmacytoma”, in Radiology, volume 125, number 1, Easton, Pa.: Radiological Society of North America, DOI:10.1148/125.1.171, ISSN 0033-8419, OCLC 879686418, PMID 897164, abstract, page 171:

     In general, localization of the rare-earth "bone-seekers" was poor except for ¹⁵⁷Dy, which compared well with ^99mTc-PP and ^99mTc-DP; ¹⁵⁷Dy was also helpful in studies of the abdomen and pelvis because of its failure to concentrate in the gastrointestinal tract.

   • 1985, G. Schoeters; R. Van Den Heuvel; O. Vanderborght, “The Study of Damage to Bone Marrow Cells as a Biological Dosimeter after Contamination with Osteotropic α Emitters”, in Nicholas D. Priest, editor, Metals in Bone: Proceedings of a EULEP Symposium on the Deposition, Retention and Effects of Radioactive and Stable Metals in Bone and Bone Marrow Tissues, October 11th–13th 1984, Angers, France, Lancaster; Hingham, Mass.: MTP Press for the Commission for the European Communities, DOI:10.1007/978-94-009-4920-1, →ISBN, page 59:

     These studies demonstrated that beside radionuclide retention anatomical and physiological factors affect the induction of radiation damage from incorporating α-emitting bone seekers to bone marrow.

   • 1985, Michael Swanwick, “Boneseeker”, in In the Drift (New Ace Science Fiction Specials; series 3), New York, N.Y.: Ace Science Fiction Books, →ISBN; republished New York, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 2017, →ISBN, page 80:

     "The guy that just left—what's he got in his lungs?" / "Well, I'm not very sure. But the two best candidates are uranium-233 and plutonium-239, one or both." / "They're in his bones too, aren't they?" / "Yeah, they're both boneseekers. And they've got half-lives of one hundred sixty-two thousand and twenty-four thousand years respectively. So they stay hot for a long time."

   • 1987, Geoffrey G[unther] Eichholz, “Human Exposure”, in C. Richard Cothern and James E. Smith, Jr., editors, Environmental Radon (Environmental Science Research; 35), New York, N.Y.; London: Plenum Press, →ISBN, section 5.1.2. (Uptake of Radon Progeny), page 132:

     Lead is a bone seeker; it is found in bone mineral with a 70% higher level in cancellous bone than in compact bone.

   • 1994 June, T. Wardaszko; D. Grzybowska, “Investigation of Levels of ²²⁶Ra and ²²²Rn in Fresh Waters”, in J. Suski, T. Wardaszko, and J. Rostek, editors, Bi-annual Report 1992–1993: Operational and Research Activities of Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection‎^[1], Warsaw: Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, →ISBN, OCLC 648950331, archived from the original on 14 February 2020, page 74:

     [I]n general, inland waters exhibit much (2–3 orders of magnitude) higher concentrations of ²²²Rn than of ²²⁶Ra. This fact has, however, only very little meaning from the point of view of radiological protection, because ²²⁶Ra being a long-lived, alpha-active boneseeker, belongs to highly radiotoxic substances, whereas ²²²Rn, a short-lived noble gas, does not.

別の表記

• bone seeker
• bone-seeker

参照