英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [kasˈtiː.ɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [kasˈtiː.ɡo]

動詞

castīgō (present infinitive castīgāre, perfect active castīgāvī, supine castīgātum); first conjugation

1. to castigate, chastise, reprove

   Synonyms: increpō, accūsō, corripiō, exprobrō, incūsō, obloquor, arripiō, pulsō, reprehendō, animadvertō

2. to punish

   Synonyms: multō, pūniō, expiō, obiūrgō, animadvertō, mulctō, moneō, plēctō, ulcīscor, exsequor

   Qui bene amat, bene castigat.

   Spare the rod and spoil the child. (literally, “Whoever loves well, punishes well.”)

   • c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculanae Disputationes 3.64:

     Pueros vero matres et magistri castigare etiam solent, nec verbis solum, sed etiam verberibus. Si quid in domestico luctu hilarius ab is factum est aut dictum, plorare cogunt. Quid?

     Mothers and teachers are used to chastise children not only with words, but also with hits of the rod. If the children do or say something rather "cheerful" in a small argument, they make them cry. Why?

3. to rebuke, reprimand

   Synonyms: obiūrgō, perstringō, arguō, īnsector, corripiō, accūsō, incūsō, damnō, obloquor, increpō, acclāmō, inclāmō, compellō, reprehendō, animadvertō

   • c. 35 CE – 100 CE, Quintilianus, Institutiones 2.2.5:

     Plurimus ei de honesto ac bono sermo sit: nam quo saepius monuerit, hoc rarius castigabit.

     May his [the ideal rhetoric teacher's] discussion be very often about what is honourable, good: the more he reminds the student, the less he will reprimand the student.

4. to correct, amend

Conjugation

派生語

• castīgātiō
• castīgātor
• castīgātus

派生した語

参照

• “castigo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “castigo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “castigo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a stern critic of morals: severus morum castigator