英和和英

発音

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /koˈrus.koː/, [kɔˈɾʊs̠.koː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /koˈrus.ko/, [kɔˈrus.kɔ]

語源 1

Superficially related to coruscus (“vibrating, flashing”). Of uncertain origin according to the TLL; perhaps related to Ancient Greek κορύσσω (korússō, “equip with helmet”) and κορύπτω (korúptō, “headbutt”). Compare Ancient Greek σκαίρω (skaírō, “hop, dance”), ἀσκαρίζω (askarízō, “throb”), σκιρτάω (skirtáō, “leap, bound”).

動詞

coruscō (present infinitive coruscāre, perfect active coruscāvī, supine coruscātum); first conjugation, no passive (poetic in Classical Latin, much more popular in Late Latin)

1. (transitive) I shake, brandish, wave, move about.
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 5.641–643:

     Haec memorāns prima infēnsum vī corripit ignem
     sublatāque procul dextrā cōnīxa coruscat
     et iacit.

     Mentioning these, she first grasped the deadly fire with violence
     and with the right hand raised high, brandishes it with effort
     and throws.

   • c. 45 CE – 96 CE, Statius, Thebaid 12.431–432:

     Exundant dīvīsō vertice flammae
     alternōsque apicēs abruptā lūce coruscant.

     The flames rush up with a bifurcated top
     and wave their tips with intermittent light.

   • 4th C. C.E., Avienus, Aratea 636–638:

     Namque et sīdereīs cycnus secat aethera pinnīs,
     dōnātus caelō, nōn clārō lūcidus astrō,
     sed tamen ōs flagrāns et guttura longa coruscāns.

     For the swan splits the aether with starry wings too,
     gifted to the sky, not luminous with a bright star,
     but still brandishing its shining mouth and long neck.

   • 354 C.E. – 450 C.E., Saint Augustine, Enarratio in Psalmos 121.9:

     Portāvērunt Deum, et dē ipsīs Deus coruscābat mīrācula, tonābat terrōrēs, pluēbat cōnsōlātiōnēs.

     They carried the Lord with them, and the Lord brandished miracles, thundered terrors, rained consolations regarding them.

2. (intransitive, somewhat まれに) I shake, vibrate, flit.
   • c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura 2.320:

     […] satiātī agnī lūdunt blandēque coruscant.

     The sated lambs play and gently thrust with the horns.

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgicon 4.73:

     Tum trepidae inter sē coeunt pinnīsque coruscant […]

     Then [the bees] come together in a hurry and vibrate with their wings.

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.492–494:

     Mōtae sonuēre colubrae,
     parsque iacent umerīs, pars circum pectora lapsae
     sībila dant saniemque vomunt linguīsque coruscant.

     The disturbed snakes hissed
     and a part sit on the shoulders, a part, fallen down to the breast,
     give hisses and vomit blood and flutter with their tongues.

   • c. 100 CE – p. 127 CE, Juvenal, Satires 3.234–236:

     Scinduntur tunicae sartae modo, longa coruscat
     serrācō veniente abiēs, atque altera pīnum
     plaustra vehunt.

     Tunics just mended are torn, the long pine log
     shakes as its waggon nears, and another cart
     is carrying a pine tree.

   • 3rd C. C.E., Tertullian, De pudicitia 14, in Quinti Septimi Florentis Tertulliani opera (volume I), August Reifferscheid and Georg Wissowa, 1890, pages 248–249:

     Vidēmus itaque hōc in locō dīvīsam apostolī sevēritātem in quendam īnflātum et in quendam incestum, in alterum virgā, in alterum sententiā armātum. Virga, quam minābātur, sententia, quam exsequēbātur; illam adhūc coruscantem, hanc statim fulminantem, quā increpābat, qua damnābat.

     And so we see in this place the apostle's divided severity against someone haughty and someone unchaste, equipped with a rod against one and with words against the other. The rod, which he was threatening, the words, which he was saying; the former still shaking, the latter immediately fulminating, one with which he was rattling, one with which he was condemning.

3. (personal and rarely impersonal) I strike or flash lightning.
   • 220 B.C.E. – c. 130 B.C.E., Marcus Pacuvius, Tragic fragments 45.5:

     Flamma inter nūbēs coruscat, caelum tonitrū contremit.

     Fire strikes amongst clouds, the sky trembles with thunder.

   • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 2.43.112:

     […] et esse tonitrua inpactōrum ignium plāgās ideōque prōtinus coruscāre igneās nūbium rīmās.

     [And I agree that] thunderclaps are the blows of fires collided and that for that reason the fiery cracks of clouds flash lightning at once.

   • c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, De mundo 15:

     Quippe ubi nūbēs adflīctrīx ignem, ut ignifera saxa adtrīta inter sē, dat, obtutus velōcius inlūstriōra contingit, audītus, dum ad aurēs venit, sēriōre sēnsū concipitur; ita prius coruscāre caelum crēditur et mox tonāre.

     Of course when a striking cloud emits fire, like flintstones rubbed against one another, the sight comes to the eyes faster; the sound is felt with tardier sense, until it reaches the ears; thus the sky is believed to flash lightning first and thunder soon after.