英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈfʊɫ.wʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈful.vus]

形容詞

fulvus (feminine fulva, neuter fulvum); first/second-declension adjective

1. glowing
2. (poetic) bright brown, tawny or golden in color, sometimes green

   fulvus (sample, can be browner or yellower):  

   fulvus (rare green hue alleged by some researchers):  

   • 239 BCE – 169 BCE, Ennius, Annales:

     aere fuluō

     bright bronze (no context survives)

   • 220 BCE – 130 BCE, Pacuvius, Tragedies Niptra:

     Cedo tuom pedem , lumpīs flāuīs fuluom ut puluerem / manibus īsdem, quibus Vlixī saepe permulsī, abluam, / lassitūdinemque minuam manuom mollitūdine.

     Give your foot, so that with pale waters I may wash away the bright dirt from it with the same hands with which I have often rubbed Ulysses' feet, and ease the tiredness with my hands' softness.

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Vergilius, Georgicon 3.110:

     [...] at fuluae nimbus harēnae / tollitur

     But the storm of golden sand lets up.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.159:

     spūmantemque darī pecora inter inertia uōtīs / optat aprum, aut fuluum dēscendere monte leōnem.

     And he wishes among unmoving livestock by vows for a frenzied boar, or for a tawny lion to come down from the mountains.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.261:

     [...] atque illī stēllātus iaspide fuluā / ēnsis erat, Tyriōque ārdēbat mūrice lāna.

     And in his sword was a star of green jasper, and his wool blazed with the murex of Tyre.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 7.279:

     aurea pectoribus dēmissa monīlia pendent, / tēctī aurō fuluum mandunt sub dentibus aurum

     Golden necklaces are hanging from their necks, covered with gold they are biting on bright gold under their teeth.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 7.688:

     [...] fuluōsque lupī dē pelle galērōs / tegmen habent capitī

     And they have caps made from red wolf-skins covering their heads.

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 11.751:

     [...] uolāns altē raptum [...] fulua dracōnem fert aquila

     Flying high the golden eagle bears the serpent it has taken.

使用する際の注意点

• In all, it may be considered a saturated version of flāvus and to be coordinate with it.
• In Classical Latin it also occurs as a hair color term, but exclusively in elevated poetry, where it probably substitutes for a more vulgar rūfus vel sim., and refers to a hair color similar to that of a lion's mane (which is variable). The ancient gens Fulvia, said to come from Tusculum, which is in Latium, indicates that fulvus could have been a cognomen, and thus in a more pedestrian use, at an earlier stage of the Latin language, perhaps even regionally.
• As a color term, it was considered to be a subset of rūfus (“red”). Marcus Fronto believed that the color could incline both toward rūfus (“red”) and toward viridis (“verdant”), but unlike flāvus, did not include in its formulation albus (“white”), implying high saturation.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

関連する語

派生した語

• Italian: fulvo
• Portuguese: fulo, fulvo
• Spanish: fulvo
• English: fulvous

参考

参照

• “fulvus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fulvus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “fulvus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “fulvus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray