英和和英

別の表記

• hyaena, hyæna (dated)
• hyen (obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 hiena, variant of hyene, from Old French hiene, from Medieval Latin hyēna, from Latin hyaena, from Ancient Greek ὕαινα (húaina). Displaced native 古期英語 nihtgenġe (literally “night walker”).

発音

• enPR: hī-ēʹnə, IPA: /haɪˈiːnə/

名詞

hyena (plural hyenas or hyena or hyenae)

1. Any of the medium-sized to large feliform carnivores of the family Hyaenidae, native to Africa and Asia and noted for the sound similar to laughter which they can make if excited.
   • 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 60:

     The udder of the hyena, tied on the left arm, enticed the affection of any desired woman.

   • 1994, T. M. Caro, Cheetahs of the Serengeti Plains: Group Living in an Asocial Species‎, page 283:

     I took no systematic data on the costs to cheetahs and hyenas, but some anecdotes suggest that both parties took numerical advantage and hunger into account.

   • 2002, Maskew Miller Longman, Find Out about African Animals‎, page 28:

     Hyenas are scavengers, which means they eat food left behind by other animals and people.

   • 2003, Anne Engh, Kay E. Holekamp, “Case Study 5A: Maternal Rank "Inheritance" in the Spotted Hyena”, in Frans B. M. De Waal, Peter L Tyack, editors, Animal Social Complexity: Intelligence, Culture, and Individualized Societies, page 149:

     Hyena biologists often think of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) as baboons with big teeth and relatively small brains.

   • 2022 June 12, Katie Hunt, “How zoology got female animals all wrong”, in CNN‎, archived from the original on 17 August 2022:

     This female hyena also gets erections and is larger, more aggressive than the male hyenas and lives in matrilineal clans of up to 80 individuals governed by an alpha female matriarch.

2. (Subsaharan Africa) A man that performs ritualized sex acts with recently widowed women and menarchal girls.
   • see Citations:hyena

使用する際の注意点

• The hyena family, Hyaenidae, also includes the smaller insectivorous aardwolf, the sole survivor of a lineage regarded as more dog-like.

同意語

• hyaenid

派生語

参考

• aardwolf (Proteles cristatus)

アナグラム

• Haney, Hayne