Wiktionary英語版
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murcus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/28 02:20 UTC 版)
語源
Uncertain. The term is perhaps connected with marceō (“to be soaked”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *merk-. However, according to the linguist Nicholas Zair, it is most likely that the Latin verb showcases a development of Proto-Indo-European *mr̥k- to Proto-Italic *mork-, which then unrounded to *ma-. If this is accepted, then—according to Zair—the form murcus cannot be directly derived from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥k-o- or *mork-o-, and must instead have been borrowed from some other Indo-European substrate language where the unrounding never took place. De Vaan, however, suggests that a zero-grade Proto-Indo-European form *mr̥k- would have instead vocalized as Proto-Italic *mark-, whence marceō, whereas the o-grade would have regularly produced forms such as murcidus. Alternatively, the term may have emerged as back-formation from murcidus.
The Hesychius hapax Ancient Greek μύρκος (múrkos), μυρικᾶς (murikâs, “mute, dumb”), transmitted as being used in Syracuse, is deemed by Oikonomos, Ernout/Meillet and Beekes borrowed from Latin.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈmʊr.kʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈmur.kus]
名詞
murcus m (genitive murcī); second declension (very rare)
語形変化
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | murcus | murcī |
| genitive | murcī | murcōrum |
| dative | murcō | murcīs |
| accusative | murcum | murcōs |
| ablative | murcō | murcīs |
| vocative | murce | murcī |
参照
- ↑ Zair, Nicholas (2017), “The origins of -urC- for expected -orC- in Latin”, in Glotta, volume 93, →ISSN, pages 261-262
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “marceō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 364
- “murcus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “murcus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (1985), “murcus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 422b
- “murcus” in volume 8, column 1670, line 54 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
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