英和和英

語源

Ultimately from the prefix ortho-.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɔː.θəʊ/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈoɹ.θoʊ/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)θəʊ
• ハイフネーション: or‧tho

名詞

ortho (countable and uncountable, plural orthos)

1. (countable, chemistry) An isomer of a benzene derivative having two substituents adjacent on the ring.
   • 1887 December 21, Thomas M. Morgan, “On Some Derivatives of Ortho-Nitro-Cinnamic Acid”, in Chemical News‎:

     When the cinnamic acid had been nitrated the ortho was separated from the para, by suspending in alcohol and leading hydrochloric acid gas into the mixture : […] .

   • 2009 February 27, P. Neumann et al., “Response to Comment on "Multipartite Entanglement Among Single Spins in Diamond"”, in Science‎, volume 323, number 5918, →DOI:

     Similarly, it also does not make sense to call the spin states of ortho and para hydrogen entangled.

2. (countable, astronomy) A certain type of flat eyepiece.
   • 1998, Terence Dickinson, NightWatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe, page 76:

     Orthos are excellent eyepieces, still preferred by some backyard astronomers for medium- and high-power applications, especially planetary observing.

3. (countable, photography, dated) An orthochromatic plate.
   • 1908 June, Charles F. Rice, “On the Use of Orthochromatic Plates”, in Photographic Times, page 174:

     Wherever the exposure is likely to be cut short— and this includes all high speed work and most portraiture — the ortho is not so suitable as the ordinary plate.

4. (countable, linguistics) Clipping of orthography.
5. (countable, photography) Clipping of orthophoto.
   • 2001, Drew Decker, GIS Data Sources, page 105:

     The typical orthophoto building process is a long one, however, and the photography that the orthos are based may be several years old before an orthophoto is ready for distribution.

6. (uncountable, medicine) Clipping of orthopedics.

アナグラム

• Rooth, thoro