英和和英

名詞

schirrus

1. (obsolete) A hard swelling of a gland or other organ.
   • 1753, William Norford, An Essay on the General Method of Treating Cancerous Tumours. In which the Opinions of some of the most Celebrated Authors, who have Writ on this Subject, are Examined, and Compared. The Whole Endeavouring to Shew what Stages of that Formidable Disease are Curable. Illustrated with Several Extraordinary Cases, London: Printed for J. Noon, at the White Hart in Cheapside, near the Poultry, OCLC 562911042, page 66:

     […] 'Tis true, when once a Schirrus is formed in a glandular Part, no one can tell how it may terminate; becauſe various changes may ariſe from various Cauſes in the Conſtitution of the Perſon; and if the Juices ſhould degenerate into a highly acrid, or what the Ancients termed an atrabiliary State, the Schirrus will be (cæteris paribus) more liable to become a Cancer.

   • 1764, Dodsley's Annual Register - Volume 3, page 113:

     “A schirrus of the favourable kind, may continue a long time almost harmless, unless it compresses the neighbouring vessels pretty much; as is observed by Van Swieten, though that learned physician says, that so long as a schirrus possesses any part of the body, it is plain there is reason to be in continual dread of something worse succeeding, &c. for whatever incites the motions of the humours, and quickens circulation, as passions of the mind, errors in diet, motions of the body, bruises, falls, fevers, &c. may change a benign schirrus into a deplorable cancer.

   • 1851, Thomas Emerson Bond, A Practical Treatise on Dental Medicine:

     We have seen it occur without preceding schirrus, present an equal smooth surface with little secretion; and many other appearances of this ulcer have been observed, as it has been modified by accidental circumstances.

2. (obsolete) A condition characterized by the formation of tumors.
   • 1650, Alexander Read, The Workes of that Famous Physitian, Dr. Alexander Read:

     An exquisite Schirrus is uncurable; for seeing it is senselesse, it is manifest that the part is deprived of the influence of the animal spirit: and seeing this humor doth distend the sinewes, veins and arteries, the faculty itself is strangled and choaked, so that it neither can direct, nor help the naturall heat to concurre with the meanes, to be applyed for the dispatching of this griefe.

   • 1819, John Mason Good, ‎Olinthus Gilbert Gregory, Newton Bosworth, Pantologia. A new (cabinet) cyclopædia:

     Chirurgical writers have generally enumerated tumor as an essential symptom of the schirrus ; and it is very true, that this disease is often accompanied with an increase of bulk in the part affected.

   • 1861, William Braithwaite, The Retrospect of Medicine:

     In acute cases they are rapidly produced, make scarcely an attempt at development, and die off with rapidity; in schirrus they are formed more slowly, and in much smaller numbers, live longer, and make some attempt at caudation, but they are still farther removed in form from the typical cell of healthy tissues.