英和和英

語源

Inherited from 中期英語 tirannye, from Old French tyrannie, from Medieval Latin tyrannia, tyrania, from Ancient Greek τυραννία (turannía, “tyranny”), from τύραννος (túrannos, “lord, master, sovereign, tyrant”).

発音

• (New Zealand) IPA: /ˈtərəni/
• (Singapore) IPA: /ˈtirəni/
• IPA: /ˈtɪɹəni/, (obsolete) /ˈtaɪɹəni/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈtɪəɹəni/
• 韻: -ɪɹəni
• ハイフネーション: tyr‧an‧ny

名詞

tyranny (countable and uncountable, plural tyrannies)

1. A government in which a single ruler (a tyrant) has absolute power, or this system of government; especially, one that acts cruelly and unjustly.
2. The office or jurisdiction of an absolute ruler.
3. Absolute power, or its use.
4. A system of government in which power is exercised on behalf of the ruler or ruling class, without regard to the wishes of the governed.
   • c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene i:

     He that with ſhepheards and a litle ſpoyle,
     Durſt in diſdaine of wrong and tyrannie,
     Defend his freedome gainſt a Monarchie:
     What will he doe ſupported by a king?

   • 2019 April 28, Hagai El-Ad, “What kind of democracy deports human rights workers?”, in Yoni Molad, transl., +972 Magazine‎:

     Control, dispossession, violence, and tyranny are not “defensive”: they are part of an organized, ongoing aggression.

5. Extreme severity or rigour.

同意語

• (government): autocracy, despotism, dictatorship, absolute monarchy, tyranthood

下位語

• (government): absolute monarchy, benevolent absolutism, enlightened absolutism, enlightened despotism

派生語

関連する語

参考

参照

Further reading

• “tyranny”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “tyranny”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “tyranny”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.