Anti-Rape Movementとは 意味・読み方・使い方

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a new conceptualization of rape arose out of the second-wave feminist movement, which served as a foundation for the anti-rape movement to come. Within the movement, feminists began a reevaluation of women’s daily lives socially and with regard to the societal institutions with which they interact. Prior to this reexamination, rape had been viewed as a “…sex crime carried out by pathological men,” who were unable to control their own sexual desires. Feminists began to argue something radically different, instead emphasizing the role of power dynamics specifically with regard to the perpetration of rape as a crime committed primarily by men against women. This updated definition of rape was meant to come from the perspective of the victim. The act of rape was asserted to be a way in which societal gender roles, the way someone acts out either masculinity or femininity, were enforced and the hierarchy of power placing males above females was maintained. Rape was thus defined as a form of violence used to ensure male power, a form of social control over women. Known as the “anti-rape” or “rape prevention” movement, it was founded with two primary conceptions in mind: 1) that sexual violence and violence against women more generally is a tool of social control used to keep women in a subordinate position to men, and 2) that women need to do something that aids victims of sexual violence to become “survivors” of violence instead of victims.