Londiniumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Unadapted borrowing from Latin Londinium. Doublet of London.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /lʌnˈdɪn.ɪ.əm/
• (米国発音) IPA: /lʌnˈdɪn.i.əm/

固有名詞

Londinium

1. (historical) A city in Britannia, Roman Empire: An ancient settlement in the area of modern London.
2. (poetic) Synonym of modern London: A city in England, United Kingdom

参照

語源

Uncertain, but likely from Proto-Celtic *Londinyom (“place that floods”), from Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“heath; wild land”) + *-injo-, a suffix forming specific nouns and found in other Romano-Celtic placenames. Cognate to Proto-Celtic *landā (“low-lying land”), whence Old Irish land, Welsh llan, as well as *londos (“subduing > fierce”, adj.), whence Old Irish lond.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /lonˈdi.ni.um/, [ɫ̪ɔn̪ˈd̪ɪniʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /lonˈdi.ni.um/, [lon̪ˈd̪iːnium]
• Note: the length of the medial /i/ is unattested, but is likely to have been short.

固有名詞

Londinium n sg (genitive Londiniī or Londinī); second declension

1. (Classical Latin) Londinium (a city in Britannia, Roman Empire; modern London)
2. (Medieval Latin, New Latin) London (the capital city of the United Kingdom; capital city of England)

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter), with locative, singular only.

Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

派生語

• Londiniēnsis

派生した語

• → Ancient Greek: Λονδίνιον (Londínion)
• → Old English: Lunden
  • Middle English: Lunden, London
    • English: London
      • Norwegian Bokmål: London
  • → Latin: Lundonia
• → English: Londinium
• → German: London
• Sicilian: Lògnina, Lònnira

参照

Further reading

• “Londinium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Londinium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.