iudiciumとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From iūdicō (“to judge, decide”) +‎ -ium (nominal suffix). Compare iūdex (“a judge”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [juːˈdɪ.ki.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [juˈdiː.t͡ʃi.um]

名詞

iūdicium n (genitive iūdiciī or iūdicī); second declension

1. judgment, decision
2. opinion
   • 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Letters to Friends:

     Hīs ego tamen diēbus, lūdīs scaenicīs, nē forte videar tibi nōn modo beātus sed līber omnīnō fuisse, dīrūpī mē paene in iūdiciō Gallī Canīnī, familiāris tuī.

     As for me, these past days, during the plays (in case you picture me as a free man, if not a happy one), I pretty well ruptured my lungs defending your friend Gallus Caninius.

3. trial
4. wish, desire

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

同意語

• (judgment, decision): dēfīnītiō (Classical), perfīnītiō (Mediaeval)

派生した語

参照

• “iudicium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "iudicium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “iudicium”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to act in accordance with one's convictions: suo iudicio uti
    
  • to criticise: iudicium facere
    
  • to be a man of taste: sensum, iudicium habere
    
  • good taste; delicate perception: iudicium subtile, elegans, exquisitum, intellegens
    
  • to cultivate one's powers of criticism: iudicium acuere
    
  • on principle: ratione; animi quodam iudicio
    
  • to have no principles: omnia temere agere, nullo iudicio uti
    
  • to give the state a constitution: civitati leges, iudicia, iura describere
    
  • lawlessness; anarchy: iudicia nulla
    
  • to summon some one before the court: in ius, in iudicium vocare aliquem
    
  • to appear in court: in iudicium venire, in iudicio adesse
    
  • to have charge of the administration of justice: iudicia administrare
    
  • to administer justice; to judge (used of criminal cases before the praetor): iudicium exercere (vid. sect. V. 7, note The first...)
    
  • to be president of a court: iudicio praeesse
    
  • judicial organisation: ratio iudiciorum
    
  • to win a case: causā or iudicio vincere
    
  • to rescind a decision: iudicium rescindere
    
• “iudicium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers