Wiktionary英語版
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-bundus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/08/16 17:19 UTC 版)
語源
Structurally similar to the gerundive suffix -undus. It reflect an old gerundive formed to the element formed to the -b- of the imperfect or future tense. If this theory is accepted, then the term could continue earlier Proto-Italic *-βuwont(i)nos, from Proto-Indo-European *-bʰuH-ont-(i)nos, itself a combination of the root Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to become, to grow”) and one possible pre-form of the gerundive suffix, which may reflect *-ont- (participial suffix) + *-is (noun-forming suffix) + *-nós (adjective-forming suffix). The putative Proto-Italic pre-form *-βuwont(i)nos could follow a development from *-βuwont(i)nos > *-buwondos > *-buwundus > *-būndus > *-bundus. The final shift from *-būndus > *-bundus would constitute an example of Osthoff's Law in Latin. Compare -undus and -cundus.
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [bʊn.dʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [bun.dus]
接尾辞
-bundus (feminine -bunda, neuter -bundum); first/second-declension suffix
使用する際の注意点
Adjectives in -bundus tended to denote emotional states, as in tremebundus (“trembling, shaking”), fremebundus (“roaring”), and gemebundus (“groaning”). Adjectives with this suffix appear infrequently: They are mostly hapax legomena and no derived nouns are attested, though one comparative (tremebundior) and several adverbs (furibunde and plorabunde) are known. Forms marked by this suffix are entirerly absent from authors such as Terence, Caesar, Tibullus, and Nepos, perhaps because their emotive character was deemed inappropriate for works seeking to appear neutral.
語形変化
First/second-declension adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | -bundus | -bunda | -bundum | -bundī | -bundae | -bunda | |
| genitive | -bundī | -bundae | -bundī | -bundōrum | -bundārum | -bundōrum | |
| dative | -bundō | -bundae | -bundō | -bundīs | |||
| accusative | -bundum | -bundam | -bundum | -bundōs | -bundās | -bunda | |
| ablative | -bundō | -bundā | -bundō | -bundīs | |||
| vocative | -bunde | -bunda | -bundum | -bundī | -bundae | -bunda | |
派生した語
参考
cassabundus
moribundus
nutabundus
quassabundus
参照
- ↑ Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 299
- ^ Jasanoff, Jay H. (2006), “The Origin of the Latin Gerund and Gerundive: A New Proposal”, in Harvard Ukrainian Studies, volume 28, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, →JSTOR, page 198 of 195-208
- ↑ Sayeed, Ollie (1 January 2017), “Osthoff’s Law in Latin”, in Indo-European Linguistics, volume 5, number 1, Brill, , →ISSN, page 154 of 147-177
- ^ Jasanoff, Jay H. (2006), “The Origin of the Latin Gerund and Gerundive: A New Proposal”, in Harvard Ukrainian Studies, volume 28, Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, →JSTOR, page 203 of 195-208
- ^ “-bundus” on page 268/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- ^ Magni, Elisabetta (2014), “From action nominals to gerund and gerundive: some reflections on the -nd- forms”, in Acta XIV Colloquii Internationalis Linguisticae Latinae, Ediciones Clásicas, →ISBN, page 148
bundus
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2012/12/01 18:16 UTC 版)
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