a study that compares two groups of people: those with the disease or condition under study (cases) and a very similar group of people who do not have the disease or condition (controls). researchers study the medical and lifestyle histories of the people in each group to learn what factors may be associated with the disease or condition. for example, one group may have been exposed to a particular substance that the other was not. also called retrospective study.
出典:Wikipedia
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/04/27 15:41 UTC 版)
Case-control is a type of epidemiological, clinical study design. It is typically used for retrospective studies, but can also be applied to prospective studies as well. In a case-control study, people with a disease (often, a specific diagnosis, perhaps lung cancer) are matched with people who do not have the disease (the 'controls'). Further data are then collected on those individuals and the groups are compared to find out if other characteristics (perhaps a history of smoking) are also different between the two groups.