英和和英

語源

From 古期英語 alwe (“fragrant resin of an East Indian tree”), from Latin aloē, from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓λόη (ălóē), from Hebrew אָהָל (ʾāhāl) or related Aramaic forms, ultimately from Tamil அகில் (akil); reinforced in 中期英語 by Old French aloes.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˈæ.loʊ/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˈləʊ.i/, /ˈæ.ləʊ/
• 韻: -æləʊ

名詞

aloe (plural aloes)

1. (in the plural) The resins of the tree Aquilaria malaccensis (syn. Aquilaria agallocha), known for their fragrant aroma, produced after infection by the fungus Phialophora parasitica.
2. Any plant of the large and variable genus Aloe.
   • 1885 Ferdinand von Mueller: Select Extra-tropical Plants, Readily Eligible For Industrial Culture Or Naturalization. pub: Melbourne: J. Ferres

     Aloe ferox, Miller. South-Africa. This species yields the best Cape-aloes, as observed by Dr. Pappe. The simply inspissated juice of the leaves of the various species of the genus constitutes the aloe-drug. It is best obtained by using neither heat nor pressure for extracting the sap. By re-dissolving the aqueous part of Aloes in cold water, and reducing the liquid through boiling or other processes of exsiccation to dryness, the extract of aloes is prepared. The bitter sap, used for dressing wounds, keeps off flies very effectually. It deserves introduction particularly in veterinary practice.

   • 1904, E. Nesbit, The Phoenix and the Carpet:

     '…you know how difficult it is to break yourself of a habit.' 'Yes,' said Cyril; 'Jane used to bite her nails.' 'But I broke myself of it,' urged Jane, rather hurt, 'You know I did.' 'Not till they put bitter aloes on them,' said Cyril.

3. Misnomer for any large, vaguely aloe-like plant, such as Agave.
   • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

     In mercy I put a bullet through his skull, and he fell sprawling among the aloes.

4. A strong, bitter drink made from the juice of such plants, used as a purgative.

使用する際の注意点

• Often used in plural (originally under influence of Old French aloes).

派生語

派生した語

• → Irish: aló
• → Samoan: aloe

参考

• agave
• maguey

参照

Further reading

• aloe on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Aloe on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Category:Aloe on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

アナグラム

• aole

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈa.ɫo.eː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈaː.lo.e]

名詞

aloē f (genitive aloēs); first declension

1. The aloe.
2. The bitter juice produced by the aloe used as a perfume, in medicine and in embalming.
3. (figuratively) Bitterness (in general).

語形変化

First-declension noun (feminine, Greek-type, nominative singular in -ē).

派生した語

参照

• “aloe”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “aloe”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "aloe", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)