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出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/06/14 21:24 UTC 版)

別の表記

catus
gatus

語源

Unknown; perhaps borrowed from a Nilo-Saharan or Afroasiatic language, compare Nubian kadīs (“cat”), Arabic قِطّ (qiṭṭ, “cat, tomcat”), Classical Syriac ܩܛܘ (qaṭṭu, “cat”), or possibly a Wanderwort, compare Proto-Uralic *käďwä (“female (of a fur animal)”). and Proto-Germanic *kattuz.

発音

(Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈkat.tʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈkat.tus]

名詞

cattus m (genitive cattī); second declension

(Late Latin, Medieval Latin) a cat

Synonyms: aelūrus, fēlēs, mūriceps, mūrilegus, mūsiō, pilāx
- c. 4th-5th century, Servius Honoratus, In Vergilii Aeneidem commentarii 5.610:
  
  Nulli visa ad ipsum retulit numen: nam arcus semper videtur: quem non Irim, sed viam Iridis dixit. alii celeritatis esse volunt 'nulli visa'. notandum sane etiam de Iride arcum genere masculino dicere Vergilium: Catullus et alii genere feminino ponunt, referentes ad originem, sicut 'haec cattus' et 'haec gallus' legimus.
  
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1558, Martin Luther, Theologiae Martini Lutheri Trimembris Epitome, De Tertio Statu Hominis:
  
  Affirmant quod quanto sceleratior es, tanto citius Deus gratiam infundit: si autem adornes te, ut cattus bonis operibus, ut te Deus acceptet, nihil efficias.
  
  They assert that the more a miscreant you are, the sooner God showers grace upon you: if, however, you should adorn yourself, like a cat, with good works, so that God accepts you, you shall bring about nothing.
- 1656, Guillaume Pepin, Conciones Mysticae et Morales in Septem Psalmos Poenitentiales, page 38:
  
  [...] illa accepit bovem & cattum, et utrumque duxit ad forum. Cumque quiddam venisset qui bovem emere veller. Illa respondit. Nullus habebit bovem, nisi etiam emat & cattum. Cumque ille dixisset non velle emere cattum, abiit. Et statim venit alius & interrogat quanti pretii utrumque foret. Illa dixit se velle vendere cattum pro una marcha argentari, sed bovem pro denario, & sic convenerunt.
  
  [...] she took the ox and the cat, and led both to the market. Anytime someone came who wanted to buy the ox, she responded: None shall have an ox, unless besides he also buys a cat. Any time someone said he did not want to buy a cat, he left. And immediately another came and asked what price for each. She said she wanted to sell a cat for one silver mark, but an ox for a denarius, and so they came to an agreement.

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	cattus	cattī
genitive	cattī	cattōrum
dative	cattō	cattīs
accusative	cattum	cattōs
ablative	cattō	cattīs
vocative	catte	cattī

派生した語

Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: gattu, battu, cattu
Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: ghjattu, gattu, ghiattu
- Dalmatian: guot
- Istriot: gato
- Italian: gatto
- Neapolitan: jatto
- Sicilian: gattu, jattu
- Venetan: gato
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: gjat
- Ladin: giat
- Romansh: giat, gat
Gallo-Italic:
- Emilian: gât
- Ligurian: gatto
- Lombard: gatt, gat
- Piedmontese: gat, ciat
- Romagnol: gat
Gallo-Romance:
- Northern:
  - Franco-Provençal: chat
  - Old French: chat (see there for further descendants)
- Southern:
  - Catalan: gat
  - Occitan: gat, cat, chat
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: gato
- Old Galician-Portuguese: gato
  - Galician: gato
  - Portuguese: gato (see there for further descendants)
- Old Leonese:
  - Asturian: gatu
  - Extremaduran: gatu
  - Leonese: gatu
  - Mirandese: gato
- Old Spanish:
  - Ladino: gato
  - Spanish: gato

Borrowings:

→ Basque: katu
→ Berber:
- Awjila: aqəṭṭùš
- Ghadames: akaṭṭus
- Medieval Tashelhit: ayaḍus
- Nefusa: aqaṭṭus
- Siwi: yaṭṭus
- Tunisian Berber: yaṭṭus
- → Libyan Arabic: قَطُّوس (gaṭṭūs)
- → Maltese: qattus
- → Tunisian Arabic: قَطُّوس (qaṭṭūs)
→? Koine Greek: κάττος (káttos), masculine of κάττα (kátta)
- Byzantine Greek: κάττος (káttos) / κάτος (kátos) / γάτος (gátos)
  - Modern Greek: γάτος (gátos)
- ⇒? Ottoman Turkish: كدی (kedi), քէտի (kedi) — Armeno-Turkish
  - Turkish: kedi
→? Proto-Celtic: *kattos (see there for further descendants)
→? Proto-Germanic: *kattuz (see there for further descendants)
→? Proto-Slavic: *kotъ (see there for further descendants)
→ Translingual: Catus (archaic)

参照

^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 141
^ Kluge, Friedrich (1989), “Katze”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 362
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kattōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 281-282
^ "cattus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
^ “cattus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
^ cattus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

[1] Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 141

[2] Kluge, Friedrich (1989), “Katze”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 362

[3] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kattōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 281-282

[4] "cattus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

[5] “cattus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

[6] ttus in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

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cattus

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