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indulgeo

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/07/27 08:54 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

From in- and an unattested verb *dulgeō, from Proto-Italic *dolɣēō, from Proto-Indo-European *delǵʰ- (“to become fixed”); cognate with Welsh dala (“to catch”), Gothic 𐍄𐌿𐌻𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (tulgjan, “to reinforce”), and perhaps Sanskrit दृह् (dṛh, “to make firm”).

The initial in- may be, instead of the above, derived from a negated form of an unattested adjectival Proto-Indo-European *n-dlgʰ-ro- (“not hard”), thus giving indulgeō an original meaning of "to not be hard toward" > "to be lenient toward" > "to indulge". This is semantically smoother than if the "in-" were to mean "in".

Possibly related to longus, Ancient Greek ἐνδελεχής (endelekhḗs, “continuous”), thus originally with the meaning of "being persistent, patient".

発音

動詞

indulgeō (present infinitive indulgēre, perfect active indulsī, supine indultum); second conjugation

  1. (intransitive) to be kind or courteous (to); to be inclined (to); give free rein (to)
  2. (intransitive, transitive) to give oneself up (to); to be addicted (to), indulge (in) (takes a dative object)
  3. (transitive) to concede, allow, grant, permit, bestow
  4. to favor

Conjugation

派生語

派生した語

  • → Albanian: ndëjej
  • → English: indulge
  • Italian: indulgere

参照

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 302
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