英和和英

語源

From satyr (“sylvan deity represented as part man かつ part goat, characterized by riotous merriment かつ lasciviousness; lecherous man”) +‎ -ization (suffix forming nouns denoting the act, process, または result of doing または making something), possibly coined by American scientist Jose M. C. Ribeiro and American entomologist Andrew Spielman (1930–2006) in a 1986 article: see the quotation.

発音

• (Received 発音) IPA^(key): /ˌsætəɹaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n/, /-ɹə-/, /-ɹɪ-/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌseɪtəɹaɪˈzeɪʃən/, [-ɾə-], /-ɹə-/, /-ɹɪ-/
• 韻: -eɪʃən
• ハイフネーション: sa‧tyr‧i‧za‧tion

名詞

satyrization (usually uncountable, 複数形 satyrizations) (米国用法 spelling, Oxford 英国用法 English)

1. (zoology, chiefly entomology) The situation where interspecific (interspecies) mating fails to produce hybrids and thus reduces the fitness of the species involved. [from late 20th c.]
   • 1986 October, J. M. C. Ribeiro; A[ndrew] Spielman, “The Satyr Effect: A Model Predicting Parapatry and Species Extinction”, in The American Naturalist, volume 128, number 4, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, abstract, pages 513–528:

     A "satyr" is any male that successfully mates and reduces the reproductive success of a female of a different species or population. We sought to model the interaction of such potentially intermating species that are initially isolated in space but come to occupy overlapping niches. [...] Species extinction may result from reproductive competition (satyrization) alone.

   • 1994, Paul A. Hedin, Julius J. Menn, and Robert M. Hollingworth, editors, Natural and Engineered Pest Management Agents: Developed from the Conference on Natural and Derived Pest Management Agents Sponsored by the Division of Agrochemicals, Snowbird, Utah, August 9–14, 1992 (ACS Symposium Series; 551), Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society, →ISBN, page 203:

     Collectively, these data are supportive of the Ae[des] albopictus satyrization hypothesis; but, much work must be done for a definitive answer to the very important question of whether sex peptide asymmetries are highly influential in satyrizations.

   • 2007, Thomas G. Floore, editor, Biorational Control of Mosquitoes (Supplement to the Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association; volume 23, issue 2), Mount Laurel, N.J.: American Mosquito Control Association, →OCLC, page 278:

     Although there is some evidence to support the occurrence of this mechanism, also known as satyrization, in natural populations of ticks and tsetse flies (Ribeiro 1988), its importance as a population reduction mechanism among mosquitoes remains unsubstantiated.

   • 2013, Helen Wallace, “Impacts of Population Changes on Other Mosquito Species”, in Genetically Modified Mosquitoes: Ongoing Concerns (TWN Biotechnology & Biosafety Series; 15)‎^[1], Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network, →ISBN, archived from the original on 9 February 2021, page 21:

     Sterility caused by cross-mating between Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti (a process known as satyrisation) may have initially contributed to the observed competitive reduction of Aedes aegypti by invasive Aedes albopictus in many areas of Florida.

   • 2015 September, María C. Carrasquilla; L. Philip Lounibos, “Satyrization without Evidence of Successful Insemination from Interspecific Mating between Invasive Mosquitoes”, in Biology Letters, volume 11, number 9, London: Royal Society Publishing, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, [→PMID, abstract:

     Additional experiments demonstrating transfer of labelled semen from A[edes] albopictus males to A. aegypti females and low production of viable eggs of females housed with conspecific males, following exposure to A. albopictus males, confirm higher incidences of satyrization than expected, based on heterospecific insemination rates. We conclude that frequencies of satyrization based on detection of interspecific sperm in spermathecae may underestimate the impact of this form of reproductive interference.

   • 2016 September, Steven A. Juliano; L. Philip Lounibos, “Invasions by Mosquitoes: The Roles of Behaviour across the Life Cycle”, in Judith S[hulman] Weis and Daniel Sol, editors, Biological Invasions and Animal Behaviour, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 258–259:

     Quantifying satyrisation by assessing interspecific sperm in spermathecae underestimates the capacity of male A[edes] albopictus to reduce the fitness of virgin female A. aegypti.

   • 2019 January 27, Tanya Loos, “Unravelling the Secrets of Satyrisation”, in Cosmos: The Science of Everything‎^[2], Adelaide, S.A.: Royal Institution of Australia, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 28 May 2020:

     US researchers have added another piece to the puzzle that is satyrisation, one of the most complex aspects of the mosquito world. It only occurs in mosquitoes, in fact, but is of increasing interest as mosquito-borne diseases emerge as problems worldwide. In Greek mythology a satyr is a lusty fertile woodland deity, but satyrisation is the opposite. It occurs when the male of one species mates with the female of another, but instead of producing a hybrid, the result is no offspring at all. In fact, the unfortunate female is rendered sterile. Satyrisation is also the mechanism by which introduced mosquito species displace native mosquito species, particularly island endemics.

   • 2019 March, Irka Bargielowski; Nildimar A. Honório; Erik M. Blosser; L. Philip Lounibos, “Rapid Loss of Resistance to Satyrization in Invasive Mosquitoes and the Effects of Age on Interspecific Mating Frequency”, in Journal of Medical Entomology, volume 56, number 2, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press for the Entomological Society of America, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, abstract, page 329:

     In several areas where Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) have come in contact following successful invasions, Ae. aegypti have been rapidly displaced by Ae. albopictus. Recent work has confirmed that mating interference, in the form of satyrization, is likely a driving factor in these competitive displacements. However, in sites of sympatry, Ae. aegypti females evolve resistance to satyrization, and in the laboratory, satyrization-susceptible Ae. aegypti can evolve resistance within a few generations of cage exposure to Ae. albopictus.

使用する際の注意点

Not to be confused with satirization.

別の表記

• satyrisation (non-Oxford British spelling)

関連する語

• satyrizing (adjective)