sachemとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈseɪt͡ʃəm/, /ˈsæt͡ʃəm/
• ハイフネーション: sa‧chem

名詞

sachem (plural sachems) (US, chiefly historical)

1. A chief of one or several Native American tribe(s), especially of the Algonquians; a sagamore. [from early 17th c.]
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter XVI, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     Planted with their broad ends on the deck, a circle of these slabs laced together, mutually sloped towards each other, and at the apex united in a tufted point, where the loose hairy fibres waved to and fro like the top-knot on some old Pottowottamie Sachem’s head.

   • 1983, Howard S. Russell, Indian New England Before the Mayflower, page 19:

     If a sachem was too harsh, a tribesman might leave and join another tribe.

2. (informal)
   1. A boss, a leader.

      Synonyms: see Thesaurus:boss

   2. (archaic) An eminent member of a group, or an eminent person in society; a sagamore.
3. (politics) A high-ranking officer of the Tammany Hall political organization.
   • 1865, R. G. Horton, “The History of Tammany Society, or, Columbian Order. Chapter V. From 1834 to 1840.”, in D. T. Valentine, Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York, New York, N.Y.: Edmund Jones & Co. [for the Common Council], →OCLC, page 876:

     The society elects annually thirteen sachems, which represent the original thirteen States. […] The other officers of the society are a Secretary, Treasurer, Sagamore, and Wiskinkie.

   • 1983, Virgil W. Peterson, The Mob: 200 Years of Organized Crime in New York, page 4:

     Aboriginal titles were adopted and the head of each tribe was called a sachem. […] Its proprietor, Abraham Martling, was elected a sachem on several occasions and members of Tammany were often called Martling Men.

4. A butterfly of the Americas, Atalopedes campestris.

派生語

• sachemdom
• sachemic
• sachemship

関連する語

• sagamore
• sagamoreship

参照

Further reading

• sachem on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• McShea, mechas, samech, schame, schema