英和和英

語源

Inherited from late (1400–1450) 中期英語 beldame, beldam, from 中期英語 bel (“attractive, fine, good”) (from Old French bel (“beautiful”), from Latin bellus) + dame, dam (“a mother, lady”), itself ultimately from Latin domina (“a mistress, lady”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈbɛldəm/
• 韻: -ɛldəm

名詞

beldame (plural beldames)

1. (obsolete) A grandmother.
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, page 470:

     There he was welcom'd of that honeſt ſyre, / And of his aged Beldame homely well; / Who him beſought himſelfe to diſattyre, / And reſt himſelfe, till ſupper time befell.

   • c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

     Diſeaſed nature oftentimes breakes forth, / In ſtrange eruptions, oft the teeming earth / Is with a kind of collicke pincht and vext, / By the impriſoning of vnruly wind / Within her vvombe, vvhich for enlargement ſtriuing / Shakes the old Beldame earth, and topples down / Steeples and moſſegrovvn towers.

2. (now archaic) An old woman, particularly an ugly one.
   • 1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, IV.i:

     Justice is an old hobbling beldame, and I can't get her to keep pace with Generosity, for the soul of me.

   • 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:

     […] have a curiosity to hear my fortune told: therefore, Sam, order the beldame forward.

   • 1898, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Women and Economics – A Study of the Economic Relation Between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution, page 285:

     Therefore, the teacher of to-day is not the graybeard and beldame, but the man and woman most newly filled with the gathered experience of the world.

   • 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 25:

     The tablets upon which the events of the day were recorded refer to enchantresses, and we can conclude that they were by no means restricted to ancient beldames.

   • 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 62:

     Among the large number of characters are [...] young boys and old knowledgeable beldames familiar with every lubricity, every love charm and potion.

   • 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 6:

     Suddenly the beldam shrieks as if she's been stuck with a dagger, long rasping insuck of breath: ‘Eeeeeeeee!’

同意語

• (ugly woman): crone, hag, harridan
• See also Thesaurus:ugly person

反意語

• (grandmother): belsire, belchild

参照

• “beldame”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

アナグラム

• embaled