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nubo

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/05/16 17:17 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源

Per the LIV and IEW, from Proto-Indo-European *snewbʰ- (“to marry, to wed”), cognate to Proto-Slavic *snubìti. Ernout and Meillet dispute this and instead connect this word with nūbēs (“cloud”), from PIE *(s)newdʰ- (“to cover”) (the sense development would be "to cover" > "to take the veil" > "to get married"). De Vaan finds Ernout and Meillet's proposal semantically attractive, but morphologically difficult: if the root originally ended in *dʰ, then the attested supine stem must be a recent (re)formation, since an old supine form would have regularly developed -ss-, as in iussus (perfect participle of iubeō) from *Hyewdʰ-.

The vowel in the first syllable of the supine stem is marked long by Lewis (1891) and Bennett (1907), but De Vaan (2008) implies that it is short by omitting a macron, Ernout and Meillet explicitly mark it with a breve (nŭptum), and Wartburg (1928–2002) and Bienvenu (1965) mark ŭ as short in the derived word nuptiae. A short vowel in the supine stem would match the ablaut-based length alternation pattern seen in dūcō, dūxī, ductum (with a supine/past participle stem built on the zero grade of the root). On the other hand, a long vowel could have been introduced by analogy with the present stem, perfect stem, or both (as in scrībō, scrīpsī, scrīptum).

Possibly cognate with Ancient Greek νύμφη (númphē, “bride, young wife, nymph”) (English nymph), but this is disputed.

発音

動詞

nūbō (present infinitive nūbere, perfect active nūpsī, supine nū̆ptum); third conjugation

  1. (intransitive, of a woman) to get married to, marry, wed [with dative ‘a man’]
    Synonym: innūbō
  2. (intransitive, of plants) to become joined, tied or wedded to
  3. (transitive, rare) to cover, veil
    Synonyms: vēlō, dissimulō, occultō, indūcō, operiō, obnūbō, occulō, condō, recondō, verrō, obruō, adoperiō, tegō, abscondō, abdō, cooperiō, premō, opprimō, comprimō, obvolvō, prōtegō, mergō
    Antonyms: adaperiō, aperiō, patefaciō

Conjugation

派生語

参考

参照

  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “sneubh”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 977
  2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*snewbʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 574
  3. ↑ Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (1985), “nubo”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots‎ (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 449
  4. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “nūbō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 417
  5. ^ Charles E. Bennett (1907), “Hidden Quantity”, in The Latin Language – a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 70
  6. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “nŭptiae”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 7: N–Pas, page 245
  7. ^ Bienvenu, Emmett, "The Stem-Vowel Quantity of the Nouns, Adjectives and Verbs Used by Virgil and Horace" (1965). Master's Theses. 1909. Page 71. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1909

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