英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈseɪftɪ ˌvælv/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈseɪfti ˌvælv/
• 韻: -ælv
• ハイフネーション: safe‧ty valve

語源 1

From safety +‎ valve.

名詞

safety valve (plural safety valves)

1. A valve set to open at a pressure below that at which a container holding a gas, vapour, etc. (such as a boiler or pressure cooker), would burst, thus reducing the pressure; a relief valve.
   • 1941 April, “British Locomotive Developments”, in The Railway Magazine, London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 173:

     Spun glass mattresses are used for lagging the boiler, which has three Ross pop safety valves on the front ring.

   • 1959 April, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 185:

     [A]nd to show that there was no shortage of steam, Royal Scot, directly we stopped, blew off vigorously from its safety-valves steam that well might have been used in the cylinders in the interest of timekeeping.

2. (by extension) A valve set to close a container holding a gas or vapour to prevent excessive loss of pressure.
3. (figuratively) Any mechanism offering relief from physical or emotional pressure or tension.

   Synonyms: outlet, release

   • 1840, F[rederick] M[arryat], “Diary on the Continent. Chapter XIX.”, in Olla Podrida. […], volume I, London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, […], →OCLC, pages 205–206:

     […] I have often thought that it was a great error in our legislature when they consented to put down the public lotteries in England. I am convinced that they were beneficial, acting as safety-valves to the gambling spirit of the nation, and that their prohibition has been productive of much crime and misery.

   1. (US, law) A United States law, codified at 18 United States Code §3553(f), authorizing a judge to disregard mandatory minimum sentences for some criminals with few or no prior offenses.
      • 2020 June 30, David Jeremiah Barron, Circuit Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, “United States v. Hernández-Hernández”, in Federal Reporter […] (No. 19-1123)‎, volume 964, St. Paul, Minn.: West Publishing Co., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-07-02, page 100:

        Hernández additionally requested that he be given a two-level safety-valve reduction pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 5C1.2, which mitigates the harsh effect of mandatory minimum sentences on certain first-time offenders who played only supporting roles in drug-trafficking schemes and who provided testimony about their involvement in the criminal activity.

        An attributive use.

別の表記

• safety-valve

下位語

• Ramsbottom safety valve
• spring valve

派生語

• Ramsbottom safety valve
• safety-valve (verb)

語源 2

See safety-valve.

動詞

safety valve (third-person singular simple present safety valves, present participle safety valving, simple past and past participle safety valved)

1. Alternative form of safety-valve

参照

Further reading

• safety valve on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

語源 1

From safety valve (noun).

動詞

safety-valve (third-person singular simple present safety-valves, present participle safety-valving, simple past and past participle safety-valved) (transitive)

1. Sometimes followed by off:
   1. (transitive) To use a relief valve on (a container holding a gas or vapour) to relieve excessive pressure which has built up inside.
   2. (transitive) To install a relief valve on (such a container) for that purpose.
   3. (transitive, figuratively) To use some mechanism to relieve (physical or emotional pressure or tension).

別の表記

• safety valve

語源 2

See safety valve.

名詞

safety-valve (plural safety-valves)

1. Alternative form of safety valve
   • 1840, F[rederick] M[arryat], “Diary on the Continent. Chapter XIX.”, in Olla Podrida. […], volume I, London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, […], →OCLC, pages 205–206:

     […] I have often thought that it was a great error in our legislature when they consented to put down the public lotteries in England. I am convinced that they were beneficial, acting as safety-valves to the gambling spirit of the nation, and that their prohibition has been productive of much crime and misery.

参照