英和和英

語源

From 中期英語 abatement, from Anglo-Norman abatre (“to abate”) (from Old French abatre), + -ment; equivalent to abate +‎ -ment.

発音

• (米国発音, 英国発音) IPA: /əˈbeɪt.mənt/

名詞

abatement (countable and uncountable, plural abatements)

1. The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression. [First attested from 1340 to 1470.]

   The abatement of a nuisance is the suppression thereof.

2. (accounting) The deduction of minor revenues incidental to an operation in calculating the cost of the operation.
3. (law) The action of a person that abates, or without proper authority enters a residence after the death of the owner and before the heir takes possession.
4. (law) The reduction of the proceeds of a will, when the debts have not yet been satisfied; the reduction of taxes due.[First attested around 1150 to 1350.]
5. An amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed; in particular from a tax. [Late 15 century.]
6. (heraldry) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon; any figure added to the coat of arms tending to lower the dignity or station of the bearer. [Early 17 century.]
7. (Scotland) Waste of stuff in preparing to size.
8. A beating down, a putting down.
9. A quashing, a judicial defeat, the rendering abortive by law.
10. Forcible entry of a stranger into an inheritance when the person seised of it dies, and before the heir or devisee can take possession; ouster.
11. rebatement, real or imaginary marks of disgrace affixed to an escutcheon.

同意語

• (lessening): assuagement, declension, decline, decrease, deduction, depreciation, diminution, discount, drawback, ebb, evanishment, fading, lessening, lowering, mitigation, moderation, reduction, remission, settling, sinking, subsidence, waning. See also Thesaurus:diminution
• (in tax): allowance, rebate, remission

反意語

• (antonym(s) of “lessening”): accession, accretion, aggrandizement, augmentation, development, dilation, enlargement, growth, increase, increment,

派生語

参照

Further reading

• Abatement in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
• The Manual of Heraldry, Fifth Edition, by Anonymous, London, 1862, online at [1]