Wiktionary英語版
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maneo
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/07/02 03:12 UTC 版)
語源
Disputed.
- De Vaan argues that the term probably continues a stative term due to the meaning "remain." Thus, he reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *m̥néh₁yeti (“to remain”), a stative verb from *men- (“to stay, stand still”) + *-éh₁yeti. However, Schrijver argues that the expected outcome of a zero-grade form *m̥néh₁yeti would be Proto-Italic *menē-.
- Schrijver suggests that that the term may have borrowed the /-o-/ from the perfect form *memon-. Though, De Vaan notes that there is no other conclusive evidence in any Indo-European language for this perfect form. Regardless, Schrijver posits that the term would have then undergone the unrounding of *mo- to *ma-. De Vaan argues that it is unclear why maneō would have undergone such unrounding but not moneō. Schrijver, however, suggests that—unlike moneō—the term was not causative and therefore lacked any analogical pressure to restore the o-vocalism.
- An alternative hypothesis proposed by Sihler maintains that the term developed from the pre-form Proto-Italic *menēō and added an /a/ according to the model of terms such as Latin habeō, although De Vaan argues that there is no sufficient reason for supporting such a development. This theory is further problematic as there are many other stative verbs with e-vocalism, such as sedeō (“to sit”) or teneō (“to hold”).
De Vaan explains the perfect form mānsī as derived from the perfect passive participle mānsus, which he argues replaced earlier *mantos. According to De Vaan, this older form may be the source of Latin mantō. Rix traces the perfect form back to a Proto-Indo-European sigmatic aorist *mḗn-s-t, whence also perhaps Ancient Greek ἔμεινα (émeina).
Related to Persian ماندن (mândan, “to remain”) and Ancient Greek μένω (ménō, “to remain”).
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈma.ne.oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈmaː.ne.o]
動詞
maneō (present infinitive manēre, perfect active mānsī, supine mānsum); second conjugation
- (intransitive) to stay, remain, abide
- (transitive) to await, wait for, expect (be in store for)
- (intransitive) to wait
- (intransitive) to continue, last, endure
- Synonyms: cōnsistō, dūrō, obdūrō
- (intransitive) to abide by, to adhere to (+ in + ablative)
- to stop at, to lodge, to spend the night, to pass the night
Conjugation
派生語
派生した語
参照
- ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “maneō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The Reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Latin (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 472
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 98
- ^ Leppänen, Ville (2019), Ablaut and the Latin Verb: Aspects of Morphophonological Change (PhD Dissertation), Munich: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, , page 60
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 437
Further reading
- “maneo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “maneo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “maneo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to abide by, persist in one's opinion: in sententia manere, permanere, perseverare, perstare
- (ambiguous) to remain loyal: in fide manere (B. G. 7. 4. 5)
- (ambiguous) to remain faithful to one's duty: in officio manere (Att. 1. 3)
- (ambiguous) to appease the manes, make sacrifice for departed souls: manes expiare (Pis. 7. 16)
- (ambiguous) to remain in subjection: in officio manere, permanere
- (ambiguous) to abide by, persist in one's opinion: in sententia manere, permanere, perseverare, perstare
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