英和和英

発音

• IPA^(key): /stʌm/
• 韻: -ʌm

名詞

stum (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 stums)

1. (obsolete) Unfermented grape juice; must.
   • 1620s, Ben Jonson, Leges Convivales

     Let our wines, without mixture of stum, be all fine.

   • 1682, John Dryden, The Medal

     And with thy stum ferment their fainting cause.

2. (obsolete) Wine revived by new fermentation, resulting from the admixture of must.
   • 1664, Samuel Butler, Hudibras; with notes by T. R. Nash, volume 1, published 1835, Part II, Canto 1, page 265:

     Drink ev'ry letter on't in stum,
     And make it brisk champaign become.^{[note 1]}

   • 1859, The family manual and servants' guide, 9 edition:

     To each hogshead of genuine Bordeaux wine, there are four gallons of Benicarlo, half a gallon of stum wine, and a small quantity of Hermitage added, which mixture undergoes a slight fermentation, and is then exported under the name of claret.

   • 1987, André Bustanoby, The Wrath of Grapes: Drinking and the Church Divided, →ISBN, page 36:

     But stum wine was not intended for drinking.

動詞

stum (三人称単数 現在形 stums, 現在分詞 stumming, 過去形および過去分詞形 stummed)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To ferment.
2. (transitive, obsolete) To renew (wine etc.) by mixing must with it and raising a new fermentation.
   • 1696, John Floyer, The praeternatural State of animal Hurnours described by their sensible Qualities

     We stum our crude wines […] to renew their spirits.

3. (transitive, obsolete) To fume, as a cask of liquor, with burning sulphur.
   • 1789, “Cultivation of the Vine”, in Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, volume 1:

     Since I have taken this method with cyder, it has proved more like wine than common drink, but then I racked it off a second and a third time, as soon as it appeared fine, and then stummed the cask that received it the lasttime […]

参照

• stum in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

アナグラム

• MTUs, UMTS, must, smut, tums