chefとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ʃɛf/
• 韻: -ɛf

名詞

chef (複数形 chefs)

1. The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household.
   • a. 1845, R. H. Barham, Blasphemer's Warning in Ingoldsby Legends (1847), 3rd Ser., 245

     The Chef's peace of mind was restor'd, And in due time a banquet was placed on the board.

2. The head cook of a restaurant or other establishment.
   • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XXVIII, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 266:

     The angry little chef of Sir Francis Clavering's culinary establishment.

3. Any cook.

   My husband is the chef of the household, while I do most of the cleaning.

4. (slang) One who manufactures illegal drugs; a cook.
   • 1998, SPIN, volume 14, number 3, page 100:

     But trying to stop all the nation's meth chefs makes as much sense as building a wall along the Mexican border.

   • 2013, Mike Power, Drugs 2.0:

     Owsley Stanley, the world's most exacting and prolific LSD chef who supplied the majority of America's West Coast with LSD in the 1960s, claimed he made so much acid not because he wanted to change the world, but rather because it was almost impossible not to make vast quantities of the drug once the synthesis had been embarked upon.

5. (historical) A reliquary in the shape of a head.

使用する際の注意点

When used in reference to a cook with no sous-chefs or other workers beneath him, the term connotes a certain degree of prestige—whether culinary education or ability—distinguishing the chef from a “cook”. As a borrowing, chef was originally italicized, but such treatment is now obsolete. Within a catering establishment, the head cook (かつ no-one else) will normally be addressed simply as "chef" as a term of respect.

同意語

• (cook, particularly a learned または skilful one): magirist, magirologist (obs.)

上位語

• (cook): cook

派生語

動詞

chef (third-person singular simple present chefs, present participle cheffing or (now less common) chefing, simple past cheffed, past participle cheffed or (now less common) chefed)

1. (stative, informal) To work as a chef; to prepare and cook food professionally.
   • 1953, The Deke Quarterly, volume 71, number 4, page 32:

     It was Brick who talked on alumni relations with the active chapters and who cheffed at our steak fry (more of that later) and Mrs. Cowles who took over  […]

   • 1996, Sonora Review, number 31, page 110:

     I cheffed part-time at a nice restaurant in town.

   • 2007, Indianapolis Monthly, page 68:

     He opened Oakleys in 2002, having formerly cheffed at the late, much-missed Something Different and, before that, world-renowned kitchens in Chicago […]

   • 2020, William Sitwell, The Restaurant: A History of Eating Out, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:

     A man called Richard Briggs cheffed at the Globe Tavern on Fleet Street, the White Hart Tavern in Holborn and the Temple Coffee House.

2. (MLE, transitive) To stab with a knife, to shank.
   • 2016, ASAP of 67 (lyrics), “Skeng Man”:

     Still on my knife work chef him up with that rambo

   • 2018 August 9, Taze of SMG (lyrics), “Pallance 2.0”:

     He got cheffed in the A in the head

   • 2018 August 16, Sav12 of 12World (lyrics), “Ks On Who”:

     Third time he was out of luck
     He tripped up and got cheffed

派生した語

• → Russian: ше́фнуть (šéfnutʹ)

参照