extinguoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From ex- +‎ stinguō. Compare tinguo (“wet, moisten”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɛkˈstɪŋ.ɡʷoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ekˈstiŋ.ɡʷo]

動詞

extinguō (present infinitive extinguere, perfect active extīnxī, supine extīnctum); third conjugation

1. to quench, put out, extinguish
2. (figuratively) to destroy, kill, slay, abolish
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.585–586:

     “‘Extīnxisse nefās tamen et sūmpsisse merentīs / laudābor poenās [...].’”

     “‘Nevertheless, [for having] slain [such] an offender, and exacted [her] well-deserved punishments, I will be honored….’”
     (Aeneas in soliloquy speaks two perfect active infinitives – extinxisse and sumpsisse – as he considers whether to kill Helen.)

Conjugation

At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

派生した語

参照

• “extinguo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers