extinguishとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA^(key): /ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/

動詞

extinguish (三人称単数 現在形 extinguishes, 現在分詞 extinguishing, 過去形および過去分詞形 extinguished)

1. (transitive) To put out, as in fire; to end burning; to quench.
2. (transitive) To destroy or abolish something.

   She extinguished all my hopes.

   They intended to extinguish the enemy by force of numbers

   • 1668 December 19, James Dalrymple, “Mr. Alexander Seaton contra Menzies” in The Deciſions of the Lords of Council & Seſſion I (Edinburgh, 1683), page 575

     The Pupil after his Pupillarity, had granted a Diſcharge to one of the Co-tutors, which did extinguiſh the whole Debt of that Co-tutor, and conſequently of all the reſt, they being all correi debendi, lyable by one individual Obligation, which cannot be Diſcharged as to one, and ſtand as to all the reſt.

3. (transitive) To obscure or eclipse something.

   The rays of the sun were extinguished by the thunder clouds.

   A beauty that extinguishes all others by comparison

4. (transitive, psychology) To bring about the extinction of a conditioned reflex.

   Many patients can extinguish their phobias after a few months of treatment.

5. (transitive, literally) To hunt down (a species) to extinction.
6. (intransitive) To die out.
7. (transitive) To kill.

同意語

• put out, quench, douse
• See also Thesaurus:destroy

派生語

• self-extinguishing

関連する語

• distinguish
• extinct
• extinction
• extinguisher
• fire extinguisher

Further reading

• extinguish in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• extinguish in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911