giwianとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• ġiwiġa, ġiuiġa, ġiowiġia, ġiuġe

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *giwēn, cognate with Old High German anagiwēn (“to desire, long for”).

Alternatively, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *giwō (“boasting; audacity”), related to Old Norse gjó (“enjoyment; sensuality; lust”), Middle High German giude (“loud revelry; boasting”).

発音

• IPA: /ˈji.wi.ɑn/

動詞

ġiwian (Northumbrian)

1. to ask (for something), request [with fram (+ dative) ‘from someone’]

   (gloss) petō, postulō

   • late 10th c., Owun, Rushworth Gospel gloss, Luke 11:9

     & heono iċ cweðo īow, ġiowiġas & sald bið īow.

     And behold, I say to you, ask and it shall be given to you.

2. to demand

   (gloss) exigō

Conjugation

Alternative forms suggesting former Weak class III conjugation are ġiuġe (inf.), ġivġað (pl. pres. ind.), and ġiude (1st./3rd. pret. ind.). Forms with the stem ġiow- are typically from the Rushworth Gospel gloss, while those with ġiw-/ġiu-/ġiv- are from the Lindisfarne Gospel gloss and Durham Ritual gloss.

派生語

• ġeġiwian
• ġiwung

参照

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “giwian”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey, editors (2018), “giwian”, in Dictionary of Old English: A to I ⁠‎, Toronto: University of Toronto, →OCLC.
• Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 187, 205, 368
• Hogg, Richard, Fulk, Robert D. (2011), A Grammar of Old English, Volume II: Morphology, →ISBN, page 296