英和和英

別の表記

• lacruma, dacrima, dacruma (pre-Classical)
• lacryma, lachryma (post-classical)

語源

From Old Latin dacrima, dacruma, perhaps from Proto-Italic *d(r)(k)akrunā, from Proto-Indo-European *dáḱru-, from earlier compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈɫa.krɪ.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈlaː.kri.ma]

名詞

lacrima f (genitive lacrimae); first declension

1. (literally) a tear (drop of liquid from crying)
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.314:

     “[...] Per ego hās lacrimās dextramque tuam tē [...].”

     “I [who] through these tears and [by] your own right hand”

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti:

     'sistite vos lacrimas, ipsa medebor' ait.

     'Hold back your tears,' she said. 'I will heal him myself.'

2. (transferred sense) a tear or gumdrop exuding from plants

Inflection

First-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

参照

• “lacrima”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lacrima”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "lacrima", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• lacrima in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
    
  • with tears in one's eyes: lacrimis obortis
    
  • with many tears: multis cum lacrimis
    
  • to be unable to speak for emotion: prae lacrimis loqui non posse
    
  • hence these tears; there's the rub: hinc illae lacrimae (proverb.) (Ter. And. 1. 1. 99; Cael. 25. 61)
    
  • crocodiles' tears: lacrimae simulatae
    
  • (ambiguous) to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
    
  • (ambiguous) to be hardly able to restrain one's tears: lacrimas tenere non posse
    
  • (ambiguous) to move to tears: lacrimas or fletum alicui movere
    
  • (ambiguous) to find relief in tears: dolorem in lacrimas effundere