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Wiktionary英語版
出典：Wiktionary
bufo
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/29 23:06 UTC 版)
語源
From translingual Bufo marinus (now Rhinella marina), the cane toad, from Latin būfō (“toad”).
語源
Probably loaned from a different Italic language such as Oscan, where the word could have referred to any creeping small animal such as a hamster. The connection with Proto-Slavic *žaba (“toad”) is uncertain, as the initial vowel cannot reflect a common Indo-European origin.
Usually connected with Latin bōs, bovis (“cow”), reflecting an ancient folk belief that toads — among other animals — were thought to steal milk from livestock. More specifically, būfō is derived from an ancient compound of Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cow”) and *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suckle”). A very close parallel to this derivation can be found in Albanian thithëlopë (“toad”, literally “cow-sucker”). Compare typologically Latin caprimulgus (“nightjar”, literally “goat-milker”), Proto-Slavic *(s)mъlžь (< Proto-Indo-European *h₂melǵ-, whence also English milk).
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈbuː.foː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈbuː.fo]
名詞
būfō m (genitive būfōnis); third declension
- a toad
語形変化
Third-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | būfō | būfōnēs |
| genitive | būfōnis | būfōnum |
| dative | būfōnī | būfōnibus |
| accusative | būfōnem | būfōnēs |
| ablative | būfōne | būfōnibus |
| vocative | būfō | būfōnēs |
派生した語
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: bufone, buffone
- Sicilian: buffa
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: bufo
- Gallo-Romance:
- Old Occitan: bufon
- Gascon: buhu
- Old Occitan: bufon
- Borrowings:
- → Esperanto: bufo
- → Middle Irish: bufa
- Irish: buaf
- Manx: beayf
- → Translingual: Bufo
- → English: bufo
- → Volapük: bufod
参照
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “bufo”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 76
- ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “смолж”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- ^ Rychło, Mikołaj; Kaczyńska, Elwira; Kowalski, Andrzej; Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz (2024), “Milk-sucking "thieves" in Indo-European folklore: An etymological analysis of zoonyms”, in Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow, volume 9, number 1, Trnava: University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, →ISSN, pages 84-103
- ^ Jørgensen, Anders Richardt (2025), “A tiny Indo-European ‘cow-suckler’? A new etymology for Breton buzhugenn, Middle Cornish vethygan and Gascon bousic, boudic ‘earthworm’”, in Jenny Larsson, Thomas Olander and Anders Richardt Jørgensen, editors, Indo-European Ecologies: Cattle and Milk - Snakes and Water, Stockholm University Press, , →ISBN, pages 163–171
Further reading
- “bufo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “bufo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “bufo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- “bufo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
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