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minuo

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/03/07 02:47 UTC 版)

ラテン語

語源 1

    From Proto-Italic *minuō, from *mi-néw-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“small, little”). Cognate with Sanskrit मीनाति (minā́ti, “to lessen, diminish, damage”) (also मिनोति (minóti)), Ancient Greek μινύθω (minúthō, “to lessen; to disappear”), Cornish minow (“to reduce”), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐍃 (mins, “less”), Old Church Slavonic мьнйии (mĭnjii, “smaller, lesser, younger”), Tocharian B maiwe (“small, young”). Related to minor.

    発音

    動詞

    minuō (present infinitive minuere, perfect active minuī, supine minūtum); third conjugation

    1. to make smaller, lessen, diminish, reduce, minimize
      Synonyms: diminuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, premō, corripiō
      Antonyms: augeō, amplificō, extendō, accumulō, cumulō, multiplicō
    2. to attenuate, appease, suppress, repress, quell
      Synonym: coërceo
    3. to dismember, tear apart, break
      Synonyms: findo, rumpo
    4. to restrict, confine, limit
      Synonyms: fīniō, līmitō, delīmitō, claudō, urgeō, moderor, inclūdō
      animos minuere ― to restrict the wrath
    5. to remove, subtract, detract
    6. to reduce the importance
    7. to undermine, weaken, debilitate, soften
      Synonyms: atterō, dēterō, frangō, effēminō, tenuō, cōnsūmō, afficiō
      Antonyms: firmō, cōnfirmō, mūniō, fortificō, cōnsolidō, sistō
    8. to eliminate, delete, remove
    9. (poetic) to cease, stop, give up
      c. 99 BCE – 55 BCE, Lucretius, De rerum natura II.1028:
      nil adeo magnum neque tam mirabile quicquam,
      quod non paulatim minuant mirarier omnes
      Nothing is so great or so miraculous that all do not gradually cease to marvel thereat.
    Conjugation
    派生した語

    (Note: see also Etymology 2.)

    • ⇒? Vulgar Latin: *minuus (adjective, noun)

    Borrowings:

    参照

    1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 139
    2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “minor, -or, -us”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 381–382

    Further reading

    語源 2

    Reassignment of etymology 1 to the first conjugation. Attested from the fourth century CE.

    動詞

    minuō (present infinitive minuāre, perfect active minuāvī, supine minuātum); first conjugation (Late Latin)

    1. alternative form of minuō
    Conjugation
    派生した語

    参照

    1. ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “mĭnuĕre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 6/2: Mercatio–Mneme, page 126
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