英和和英

名詞

nastiness (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 nastinesses)

1. (uncountable) Lack of cleanliness.
   • 1684, John Dryden, “The Eighteenth Epistle of the First Book of Horace” in Miscellany Poems, London: Jacob Tonson, 4th edition, 1716, Volume 2, p. 242,^[1]

     They neither comb their Head, nor wash their Face,

     But think their virtuous Nastiness a grace.

   • 1759, David Hume, “[Elizabeth I.] Chapter 37.”, in The History of England, under the House of Tudor. […], volume II, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], OCLC 837645497, page 448-449:

     Erasmus ascribes the frequent plagues in England to the nastiness and dirt and slovenly habits among the people. “The floors,” says he, “are commonly of clay, strewed with rushes, under which lies unmolested an ancient collection of beer, grease, fragments, bones, spittle, excrements of dogs and cats, and every thing that is nasty.”

2. (uncountable) Dirt, filth.
   • 1722 (indicated as 1721), [Daniel Defoe], The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders, &c. […], 3rd edition, London: […] W[illiam Rufus] Chetwood, […]; and T. Edlin, […]; W[illiam] Mears, […]; J. Brotherton, […]; C. King, and J. Stags, […], published 1722, OCLC 745118774, page 295:

     […] the hellish Noise, the Roaring, Swearing, and Clamour, the Stench and Nastiness and all the dreadful Crowd of afflicting Things that I saw there, joined together to make the Place seem an Emblem of Hell itself, and a Kind of entrance into it.

3. (uncountable) Indecency; corruption; unkindness, meanness, spite, harshness, cruelty.
   • 1995, John Skow, “Snobs and Wetbacks,” Time, 4 September, 1995,^[2]

     Among current novelists, Martin Amis lacks intellectual force but is well supplied with nastiness, which occasionally resembles humor.

   • 2017, Teddy Wayne, “The Culture of Nastiness,” New York Times, 18 February, 2017,^[3]

     Despite efforts to curb hate speech, eradicate bullying and extend tolerance, a culture of nastiness has metastasized in which meanness is routinely rewarded, and common decency and civility are brushed aside.

4. (uncountable) Unpleasantness, disagreeableness (to the senses).
   • 1860 December – 1861 August, Charles Dickens, chapter II, in Great Expectations […], volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published October 1861, OCLC 3359935, page 22:

     Some medical beast had revived Tar-water in those days as a fine medicine, and Mrs. Joe always kept a supply of it in the cupboard; having a belief in its virtues correspondent to its nastiness.