英和和英

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈruː.fʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈruː.fus]

形容詞

rūfus (feminine rūfa, neuter rūfum); first/second-declension adjective

1. red (in the most general sense, of all shades including orange and yellow)

   Synonyms: ruber, russus

   • 77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 19.53.169:

     tertium genus [papāveris] rh ān vocant Graecī, id nostrī errāticum; sponte quidem, sed in arvīs cum hordeō maximē nāscitur, ērūcae simile, cubitālī altitūdine, flōre rūfō et prōtinus dēciduō, unde et nōmen ā Graecīs accēpit.

     The third kind [of poppy] the Greeks call rhoea, and we call it "wild" (erraticum); it grows on its own, though on cultivated fields, especially together with barley, similar to rocket, being an elbow in height, with a red flower that is always falling off, from whence it has received that name from the Greeks.

2. (of a person) red-haired, including shades of hair considered in modern English to be brown or blond

使用する際の注意点

• The coordinate noun and verb of rūfus were rubor and rubēre.
• In the hair color sense it is traditionally coordinated with rutilus which denotes blond, golden hair. However, the terms have some overlap. Bright red and strawberry blond hair was more apt to be described with rutilus, though understood to be a strong type of rūfus. By the Augustan period, flāvus also gained popularity as a descriptor of light-colored hair, and in Late Latin sometimes replaces all other words for it.
• The Romans translated πυρρός (purrhós) mainly with rūfus. See also burrus, an early borrowing of πυρρός (purrhós).
• Some researchers have asserted that the distinction between rūfus (incl. ruber, russus) and rutilus would have been similar to the distinction between albus and candidus and between āter and niger, one being dull and the other shining.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

派生語

関連する語

• rōbus
• ruber

派生した語

• >? Catalan: rúfol
• English: → rufous, → rufo-
• Italian: rufo
• Spanish: rufo

参考

参照

• “rufus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rufus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "rufus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “rufus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “rūfus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 528
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 140