英和和英

発音

• IPA: /ˈnaɪd͡ʒə(ɹ)/

名詞

niger (uncountable)

1. An Ethiopian herb (Guizotia abyssinica), grown for its seed and edible oil.

   Synonyms: noog, noug, nug

参照

• “Niger, n.2.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2003.

アナグラム

• re-nig, Reign, Negri, reign, ringe, renig, Grine, Reing, Grein, nigre

語源

Uncertain origin, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *negʷ- (“bare, naked”) if this root is assumed also to be the source of *nókʷts (“night”) (Latin nox), thus “black” would attest the intermediate meaning between “bare” and “night”. Possibly cognate with Umbrian 𐌍𐌉𐌓𐌖 (niru, “(possibly) dark, black”), though this form (thought to be accusative singular) is not mentioned in De Vaan.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈnɪ.ɡɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈniː.d͡ʒer]

形容詞

niger (feminine nigra, neuter nigrum, superlative nigerrimus); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)

1. wan, shining black (as opposed to āter, dull black)

   Synonym: fuscus

   Antonym: candidus (“shining white”)

   Nigrum in candida vertere.

   To turn black into white.

   • For quotations using this term, see Citations:niger.
2. (hair or eye color) black, dark brown
   • 16 BCE, Ovidius, Amores 2.4:

     Leda fuit nigra conspicienda coma [...]

     Leda was famed for her black hair [...]

   • 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum Vita divi Iuli 45:

     Fuisse traditur excelsa statura, colore candido, teretibus membris, ore paulo pleniore, nigris uegetisque oculis [...]

     It is said that [Caesar] was tall, of a fair complexion, round limbed, rather full faced, with eyes black and piercing [...]

   • 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum Vita Neronis 1:

     [...] atque in fidem maiestatis adeo permulsisse malas, ut e nigro rutilum aerique similem capillum redderent.

     And as a token of their divinity it is said that they stroked [Lucius Domitius'] cheeks and turned his black beard [and hair] to a ruddy hue, like that of bronze.

3. bad; evil; ill-omened

使用する際の注意点

• One of the primary Latin terms used to describe hair color in prose, alongside rūfus (“red or brown”), rutilus (“blond, bright red”), cānus (“grey, white”), and, in Augustan Latin, flāvus (“fair”). Brown hair not dark enough to be considered niger could be described as rūfus, and from the Augustan period on as subflāvus.
• One of the primary Latin terms used to describe eye color in prose, alongside rāvus, caesius, and (chiefly in Augustan Latin and onwards) caeruleus and glaucus.
• Widely used as a specific epithet.

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).

派生語

派生した語

参考

参照

• Buchi, Éva; Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–), “*/ˈnɪɡr-u/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

Further reading

• “niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “niger”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “niger”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “niger”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray