英和和英

語源 1

Inherited from Proto-Italic *wē̆ntos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wéh₁n̥ts (“blowing”), present participle of *h₂weh₁- (“to blow”).

Cognate and synonymous with English wind, Sanskrit वात॑ (vā́ta), Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬀 (vāta), and Ancient Greek ᾰ̓είς (ăeís). See also Latin vannus, from the same PIE root.

名詞

ventus m (genitive ventī); second declension

1. a wind
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.704-705:

     [...] Omnis et ūna / dīlāpsus calor, atque in ventōs vīta recessit.

     And all at once her warmth faded away, and her life receded into the winds.
     (The death of Dido; the conclusion of Book 4. See the notes by Page, T.E., [1967], pg. 394: “‘Life,’ ‘breath,’ ‘spirit,’ anima, ἄνεμος are so closely connected in human speech that poets naturally speak of life passing ‘into the winds.’”)

   • Inscription, The Crown 2016–2023:

     Homō sapiēns nōn ūrīnat in ventum

     A wise man pisseth not against the wind

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 4.729–730:

     Mōta dea est operīque favet: nāvālibus exit
     puppis, habent ventōs iam mea vēla suōs.

     The goddess is moved and she favors the work: my ship is leaving the docks, already my sails have their winds.
     (Inspiration returns as, metaphorically, the poet and his readers sail onward. Idiomatically, Ovid ‘‘has found his second wind’’ while writing the fourth book of the Fasti.)

語形変化

Second-declension noun.

派生語

派生した語

語源 2

Inherited from Proto-Italic *gʷemtus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷém-tu-s, from *gʷem- (“to come”). The -n- was, according to De Vaan, potentially adopted from the verb veniō (“to come”). By surface analysis, veniō +‎ -tus (forming action nouns).

名詞

ventus m (genitive ventūs); fourth declension (Old Latin, dubious)

1. arrival
   • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, De Lingua Latina 5.72 (quoting Plautus, Cistellaria 14-15):

     Venilia à veniendo, ac ventu illo, quem Plautus dicit: Quod ille dixit, qui secundo vento vectus est tranquillo mari, ventum gaudeo.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

参照

• “ventus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ventus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "ventus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “ventus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • there is a storm at sea: mare ventorum vi agitatur et turbatur
    
  • the wind spread the conflagration: ventus ignem distulit (B. G. 5. 43)
    
  • the wind is falling: ventus remittit (opp. increbrescit)
    
  • the wind dies down, ceases: ventus cadit, cessat
    
  • to have favourable, contrary, winds: ventis secundis, adversis uti
    
  • the wind is turning to the south-west: ventus se vertit in Africum
    
  • the east winds are blowing: venti ab ortu solis flant
    
  • with the wind against one: ventis reflantibus (Tusc. 1. 49)
    
  • (ambiguous) to strive to gain popular favour by certain means: ventum popularem quendam (in aliqua re) quaerere
    
  • (ambiguous) the ships sail out on a fair wind: ventum (tempestatem) nancti idoneum ex portu exeunt
    
  • (ambiguous) to run before the wind: vento se dare
    
• “ventus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon]‎ (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 176