platonic solidとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• platonic solid (US)

語源

From Platonic + solid, in reference to the Greek philosopher Plato, who in his dialogue Timaeus theorised about a correspondence between these solids and the classical physical elements.

名詞

Platonic solid (plural Platonic solids)

1. (geometry) Any of five convex polyhedra with congruent regular polygonal faces, which have a high degree of symmetry and have been studied since antiquity.
   • 1961, J. S. Griffith, The Theory of Transition-Metal Ions‎, page 41:

     As the names suggest, the groups and their existence are connected to the five Platonic solids. They are in fact the rotation groups of the Platonic solids.

   • 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 202:

     The boat which the gods tell Utnapishtim to build is no ordinary boat but a perfect cube with seven levels; the ark resembles more a Platonic solid from the Timaeus than a seaworthy craft.

   • 1993, Aharon Kantorovich, Scientific Discovery: Logic and Tinkering‎, page 160:

     The erroneous number of planets, six, gave him the clue for his model of five Platonic solids (the five regular convex polyhedra) on which he erected the universe.

   • 2015, Alexander A. Stepanov, Daniel E. Rose, From Mathematics to Generic Programming, page 44:

     In the 13th and final book, he shows how to construct the five Platonic solids, and proves that they are the only regular polyhedra (bodies whose faces are congruent, regular polygons) that exist.

下位語

• (Any of five polyhedra): cube, dodecahedron, icosahedron, octahedron, regular hexahedron (cube), tetrahedron

関連する語

• Platonic hydrocarbon

参考

• Archimedean solid
• Catalan solid
• Johnson solid
• Kepler solid
• Platonic solid on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Regular 4-polytope on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• List of regular polytopes and compounds on Wikipedia.Wikipedia