英和和英

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈkɒm.pə.tən.si/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈkɑm.pə.tən.si/

名詞

competency (countable and uncountable, plural competencies)

1. The ability to perform some task; competence.
   • 1795–1797, Edmund Burke, “(please specify |letter=1 to 4)”, in [Letters on a Regicide Peace], London: [Rivington]:

     The loan demonstrates, in regard to instrumental resources, the competency of this kingdom to the assertion of the common cause.

   • 1961, National Council for Elementary Science (U.S.), Science Education:

     What professional competencies do science teachers need?

   • 2004, Bill Clinton, My Life:

     By the year 2000, American students will leave grades four, eight, and twelve having demonstrated competency in challenging subject matter including English, mathematics, science, history, and geography....

   • 2021 May 19, Richard Clinnick, “Fleet News: LNER to return Class 91s/Mk 4s to East Coast duties”, in Rail, number 931, page 26:

     The decision was then made to return '91s' and Mk 4s. These are being retained on the Yorkshire routes to keep driver competency in one area, to help with operations.

2. (law) An individual's capacity to understand the nature and implications of their legal rights and obligations.
3. (linguistics) Implicit knowledge of a language’s structure.
4. (obsolete) A sufficient supply of something.
   • 1612, John Smith, Proceedings of the English Colonie in Virginia, Kupperman, published 1988, page 178:

     the next day they returned unsuspected, leaving their confederates to follow, and in the interim, to convay them a competencie of all things they could […]

   • 1892, Ambrose Bierce, Tales of Soldiers and Civilians - A Holy Terror:

     […] it would appear that before taking this precaution Mr. Bree must have had the thrift to remove a modest competency of the gold […]

5. (obsolete) A sustainable income.
   • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

     Superfluity comes sooner by white hairs, but competency lives longer.

   • 1604 (first performance), George Chapman, Al Fooles: A Comedy, […], London: […] [George Eld] for Thomas Thorpe, published 1605, →OCLC, Act I:

     And that knights competency you haue gotten / VVith care and labour: he vvith luſt and idleneſſe / VVill bring into the ſtypend of a begger; […]

   • 1915, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter CXVI, in Of Human Bondage, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, →OCLC:

     He had heard people speak contemptuously of money: he wondered if they had ever tried to do without it. He knew that the lack made a man petty, mean, grasping; it distorted his character and caused him to view the world from a vulgar angle; when you had to consider every penny, money became of grotesque importance: you needed a competency to rate it at its proper value.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:skill

派生語

参照