英和和英

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈtɜːmiːz/

名詞

termes (plural termites)

1. A termite.
   • 1781, Henry Smeathman, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, LXXI, page 160:

     These turret nests, built by two different species of Termites.

   • 1800, The Asiatic Annual Register, page 5/2:

     The termes, or what is called the white ant, infests this island.

   • 1834, Thomas Pringle, chapter VIII, in African Sketches, page 287:

     The termes of South Africa is not the destructive species.

   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:termes.

派生語

• termite

参照

• “‖Termes” on page 203/2 of § 2 (T–Th, ed. James Augustus Henry Murray) of part ii (Su–Th) of volume IX (Si–Th, 1919) of A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (1st ed.)
• “‖termes” in the Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed., 1989)

アナグラム

• meters, metres, restem, Emerts, Mester, Tesmer, merest, mester, Mestre, S meter

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtɛr.mɛs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtɛr.mes]

語源 1

Traditionally derived from terō (“to rub away”), but unknown. Alternatively connected either with tener (“tender, young”) and Sabine terenum (“soft”), from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“tender, soft, weak, young, small”), particularly if the original meaning was “weak branch” or “young shoot”,(Can this etymology be sourced?) or according to Calvert Watkins with termen (“end”), if the original meaning was “end, tip” (compare the cognate Proto-Germanic *þrumą (“butt, end, stump”)), from Proto-Indo-European *térmn̥. Michiel de Vaan lists the word as without etymology. The odd suffix and semantic category may be indicative of substrate origin.

名詞

termes m (genitive termitis); third declension

1. a branch or bough of a tree, especially one severed thence

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Grattius to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Columella to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Sextus Pompeius Festus to this entry?)

   • c. 30 BCE, Horatius, Epodi 16.45:

     germinat et numquam fallentis termes olivae / suamque pulla ficus ornat arborem,

     Where the shoots of the olive-trees bud, and are never failing, the dark fig graces the branch of its tree,

   • ante AD 180, Aulus Gellius (author), John Carew Rolfe (editor and translator), Noctes Atticae in The Attic Nights of Aulus Gellius, with an English Translation (1927), book II, chapter xxvi, §§ 9–10:

     Nam ‘poeniceus,’ quem tu Graece φοίνικα dixisti, noster est et ‘rutilus’ et ‘spadix,’ poenicei συνώνυμος, qui factus e Graeco noster est, exuberantiam splendoremque significant ruboris, quales sunt fructus palmae arboris non admodum sole incocti, unde spadici et poeniceo nomen est; enim Dorice vocant avulsum e palma termitem cum fructu.

     For poeniceus, which you call φοῖνιξ in Greek, belongs to our language, and rutilus and spadix, a synonym of poeniceus which is taken over into Latin from the Greek, indicate a rich, gleaming shade of red like that of the fruit of the palm-tree when it is not fully ripened by the sun. And from this spadix and poeniceus get their name; for spadix in Doric is applied to a branch torn from a palm-tree along with its fruit. ― translation from the same source

   • ibidem, book III, chapter ix, § 9:

     Quem colorem nos, sicuti dixi, poeniceum dicimus, Graeci partim φοίνικα, alii σπάδικα appellant, quoniam palmae termes ex arbore cum fructu avulsus “spadix” dicitur.

     This colour, as I have said, we call poeniceus; the Greeks sometimes name it φοῖνιξ, at others σπάδιξ, since the branch of the palm (φοῖνιξ), torn from the tree with its fruit, is called spadix. ― translation from the same source

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

参照

Further reading

• “termĕs¹”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “termĕs¹”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette: “1,559/2”
• “termes” on page 1,926/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

語源 2

See tarmes (“woodworm”).

名詞

termes m (genitive termitis); third declension

1. (Late Latin) alternative spelling of tarmes (“woodworm”)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Maurus Servius Honoratus to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Isidore of Seville to this entry?)

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生した語

• >? Aragonese: termiz, terniz (From plural *térmez)
• → French: termite
• → German: Termite
• → Italian: termite
• → Translingual: Termes (taxonomic name)
  • → English: termes

参照

• “termes²”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “termes”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “termĕs⁴”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette: “1,559/2”
• “termes”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
• “termes”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press

アナグラム

• Termes, tremes