英和和英

語源

To international scientific vocabulary from New Latin tūberculōsis, from Latin tūberculum (diminutive of tūber (“lump”)) +‎ Latin -ōsis (“diseased condition”); by surface analysis, tubercul(um) +‎ -osis; named for the encapsulated colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the lungs in pulmonary tuberculosis, which can look like small tubers (tubercles) on gross pathology. The disease has existed throughout human experience and had other names for millennia before scientific medicine renamed it with a New Latin term in the mid-19th century (1840s); in English it was called consumption because of the wasting away that consumed health and seemed even to consume flesh in some cases (for example, causing fistulas and tissue breakdown).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /tʃuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /tjuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/
• (General American) IPA: /tuˌbɚkjʊˈloʊsɪs/, /tʊ-/
• 韻: -əʊsɪs

名詞

tuberculosis (countable and uncountable, plural tuberculoses)

1. (pathology) An infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a species of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly infecting the lungs where it causes tubercles characterized by the expectoration of mucus and sputum, fever, weight loss, and chest pain, and transmitted through inhalation or ingestion of bacteria. [from 1839]
   • 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 380:

     With smallpox gone, tuberculosis is today the deadliest infectious disease on the planet.

同意語

派生語

関連する語

派生した語

• Tok Pisin: tubakulosis

参考

• Burkholderia gladioli

名詞

tūberculōsis f (genitive tūberculōsis or tūberculōseōs or tūberculōsios); third declension

1. (New Latin, pathology) tuberculosis

語形変化

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, i-stem).

Found sometimes in Medieval and New Latin.

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

形容詞

tūberculōsīs

1. dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of tūberculōsus