英和和英

語源

Borrowed from French caisson. Doublet of cassone and cajón.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈkeɪ.sən/, (obsolete) /kəˈsuːn/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈkeɪ.sɑn/, /ˈkeɪ.sən/
• 韻: -eɪsən, (米国発音) -eɪsɑn

名詞

caisson (plural caissons)

1. (engineering) A (permanent) enclosure from which water can be expelled, in order to give access to underwater areas for engineering works etc.

   Coordinate terms: cofferdam, coffer

   • 1946 January and February, “Notes and News: Demolition of Rhydyfelin Viaduct”, in Railway Magazine, page 53:

     During the construction of the viaduct, the sinking of the caissons in the river bed caused much difficulty to the engineer and contractors, as a bed of running sand was encountered; in consequence, the expenditure for these foundations proved almost prohibitive.

   • 2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, page 213:

     Caissons were enclosed dry chambers built on river beds to facilitate the construction of bridge piers.

2. (engineering) A structure with similar function that is temporary.

   Synonyms: cofferdam, coffer

3. (architecture) A coffer (sunken panel).
4. The gate across the entrance to a drydock.
5. (nautical) A floating tank that can be submerged, attached to an underwater object and then pumped out to lift the object by buoyancy.

   Synonyms: camel, sea camel

   Near-synonym: pontoon

6. (military) A two-wheeled, horse-drawn military vehicle used to carry ammunition (and a coffin at funerals).

   Near-synonym: limber

   • 1908, Edmund Louis Gruber, “The Caissons Go Rolling Along”:

     Over hill, over dale / As we hit the dusty trail, / And those caissons go rolling along.

7. (military) A large box to hold ammunition.
8. (military) A chest filled with explosive materials, used like a mine.

派生語

• caisson disease (an occupational hazard of working inside caissons)

参照

アナグラム

• Caisons, assicon, casinos, cassino, cassoni