英和和英

別の表記

• deinosaur (archaic)
• Dinosaur, dinosaurus

語源

From Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós, “terrible, awesome, mighty, fearfully great”) + σαῦρος (saûros, “lizard, reptile”). Coined as Dinosaur(s) and Dinosauria by paleontologist Richard Owen in 1841/1842.

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈdaɪnəsɔː(ɹ)/

• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/
• (Canada, idle-idol split) IPA: /ˈdʌɪnəsɔːɹ/
• (Indic) IPA: /ɖajˈnosə(r)/, /ˈɖajnɵsɔ(r)/
• ハイフネーション: di‧no‧saur

名詞

dinosaur (plural dinosaurs)

1. (usually) Those animals of the clade Dinosauria that existed during the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and are now extinct; that is, any member of the clade Dinosauria other than birds. [from c. 1840]

   Synonym: non-avian dinosaur

   Hypernyms: (taxonomically) reptile < vertebrate < animal < organism; (otherwise) creature

   Coordinate terms: bird, avian

   Despite what some cartoons portray, no humans were around when dinosaurs roamed the Earth.

2. (less often but also correctly) Any of the animals belonging to the clade Dinosauria, including all non-avian dinosaurs (all extinct) and all birds (extant or extinct).

   Hypernyms: (taxonomically) vertebrate < animal < organism; (otherwise) creature

   Hyponyms: non-avian dinosaur, bird, avian

   Many people love their backyard birds, but some of us may not realize that those feathery friends are also literally dinosaurs, in a biologically accurate sense of that word.

3. (loosely, informal, proscribed) Any extinct reptile, not necessarily belonging to Dinosauria, that existed between about 230 million and 65 million years ago, as well as the stem-mammal Dimetrodon.

   Hypernyms: (taxonomically) reptile < vertebrate < animal < organism; (otherwise) creature

   Pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, icthyosaurs — I don't know, they're all dinosaurs to me!

   • 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

     "Not a bird, my dear Roxton - not a bird." "A beast?" "No; a reptile - a dinosaur."

   • 1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 80:

     ‘Dinosaur!’ Denham exploded. ‘By the Power! A dinosaur!’

4. (figuratively, colloquial) Someone or something that is very old or old-fashioned, especially someone who is not willing to change and adapt.

   Synonyms: fossil, old fart, fuddy-duddy

   She may be a tough old bird, but it's a mistake to write her off as a dinosaur; you do so at your own risk.

   • 1975, Frederick P. Brooks Jr., The Mythical Man-Month, published 1995:

     [The OS/360 linkage editor] is the culmination of years of development of static overlay technique. Yet it is also the last and finest of the dinosaurs, for it belongs to a system in which multiprogramming is the normal mode and dynamic core allocation the basic assumption.

   • 1999, Ron Harbin, Aaron Barker, Anthony L. Smith, “What About Now”, performed by Lonestar:

     The sign in the window said for sale or trade on the last remaining dinosaur Detroit made.

5. (figuratively, colloquial) Anything no longer in common use or practice.

   I couldn't believe it when I saw the equipment that they were still using. Those machines were all dinosaurs, but they were busily cranking out production.

使用する際の注意点

• Many animals commonly described as dinosaurs do not belong to Dinosauria, and are not true dinosaurs. These include pterosaurs, ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs. Describing these as dinosaurs is frowned upon in scientific writing but persists in the media and in everyday speech.

• Conversely, not all members of Dinosauria became extinct in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Those that survived were the ancestors of modern birds, which therefore also belong to Dinosauria. However, birds are not usually described as dinosaurs, except in some popular science and technical writing.

派生語

派生した語

• → French: dinosaure
  • → Arabic: ديناصور (dīnāṣūr)
  • → Khmer: ឌីណូស័រ (diinousɔə)
  • → Romanian: dinozaur
  • → Turkish: dinozor
• → Greek: δεινόσαυρος (deinósavros)
• Hindustani:

  Hindi: → डायनासोर (ḍāynāsor), डाइनोसर (ḍāinosar); → भीमसरट (bhīmsaraṭ) (calque)

  → Urdu: ڈایْناسور (ḍāynāsor)

• → Latin: dinosaurus
• → Malay: denosor, dinosaur
• → Persian: دایناسور (dâynâsor)
• → Polish: dinozaur
• → Tamil: டைனோசர் (ṭaiṉōcar)
• → Thai: ไดโนเสาร์ (dai-noo-sǎo)

Further reading

• dinosaur on Wikipedia.Wikipedia