出典:Wiktionary
From Middle English hardness, hardnesse, from 古期英語 heardness, from heard + -ness. Equivalent to hard + -ness.
hardness (countable かつ uncountable, 複数形 hardnesses)
出典:Wikipedia
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/06/23 05:55 UTC 版)
Hardness is the measure of how resistant solid matter is to various kinds of permanent shape change when a force is applied. Macroscopic hardness is generally characterized by strong intermolecular bonds, but the behavior of solid materials under force is complex; therefore there are different measurements of hardness: scratch hardness, indentation hardness, and rebound hardness.
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