英和和英

語源

From French timbre, ultimately from Ancient Greek τύμπανον (túmpanon, “drum”). Doublet of tympanum, timpani, timbal, and tymbal.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈtæmbɹə/, /ˈtæmbə/, (dated) /tɛ̃bɹ(ə)/
• (General American) enPR: tăm'bər, tĭm'bər, IPA: /ˈtæm.bɚ/, /ˈtɪm.bɚ/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˈtɪm.bə/
• Homophone: timber (only for the pronunciation that has an /ɪ/ sound)
• 韻: -æmbə(ɹ), -ɪmbə(ɹ)

名詞

timbre (countable and uncountable, plural timbres)

1. The quality of a sound independent of its pitch and volume.

   Synonym: tone color

   Coordinate terms: pitch, volume

   • 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 7, in The Whisperer in Darkness:

     It was a hard whisper to catch at first, since the grey moustache concealed all movements of the lips, and something in its timbre disturbed me greatly; but by concentrating my attention I could soon make out its purport surprisingly well.

2. The pitch of a sound as heard by the ear, described relative to its absolute pitch.

   When someone speaks after inhaling helium, his voice has a higher timbre. With sulfur hexafluoride, the result is a lower timbre.

3. (heraldry, uncommon) The crest on a (helmet atop a) coat of arms.
   • 1492, "Confirmation of arms with difference and crest to Thomas and John Elyott by John Writhe, Garter, dated 7th July, 1492 (MS. queen's Coll. 139, No. 13.)", in 1925, Willoughby Aston Littledale, A Collection of Miscellaneous Grants, Crests, Confirmations, Augmentations and Exemplifications of Arms in the Mss. Preserved in the British Museum, Ashmolean Library, Queen's College, Oxford, and Elsewhere, page 70:

     Quarterly the First quarter Siluer [...], The second Siluer a Cheueron gules betweene three Castles Sables And to his timbre vpon his healme, an Elephants head in his proper Colours […]

   • 2002, Philippe Levillain, John W. O'Malley, The Papacy: Gaius-Proxies, Psychology Press, →ISBN, page 1145:

     The basilican pavilion [...] has frequently appeared on banners since the 13th century, but the pope has used it only rarely, as a timbre or crest above his coat of ARMS (a few examples exist from the time of MARTIN V).

使用する際の注意点

• Not to be confused with timber, which has a different meaning.

派生語

Further reading

• timbre on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• betrim, biterm, timber

名詞

timbre

1. dative singular of timber