Taiwanとは

意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• Tai-wan
• (from Wade–Giles) T'ai-wan

語源

c. 1600s, from earlier Tayuan, Tayoan, or other variants, from Siraya tayw (“people”) + an (“place”). Recorded in Dutch as Tayouan (かつ other variants), and in Min Nan as 大員 (Tāi-oân) (かつ other variants).^[1] The term initially referred to a sandy peninsula in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island. See also 臺灣／台灣／台湾 (Táiwān).

発音

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌtaɪˈwɑn/
• (英国発音) IPA^(key): /ˌtaɪˈwɑːn/, /ˌtaɪˈwæn/, /ˌtaɪˈwɒn/
• enPR: tīʹwänʹ

固有名詞

Taiwan

1. Common name for a country in East Asia. Official name: Republic of China. Its de facto capital is Taipei.

   Synonyms: Chinese Taipei, Republic of China, ROC

   • 1961, Asian Journey (VP Johnson's Six-Nation Tour, May, 1961) MP641‎^[2], United States Information Service, Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum, 10:47 from the start:

     During his stay on Taiwan, Mr. Johnson talks with and to many people- to boys and girls, to workers and farmers- one man: but he expresses America's interest in them, and their future.

   • 1968, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships‎^[3], volume 3, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, page 290:

     Helena's 1958 cruise in the Far East began 3 August. Her first port of call was Keelung, Taiwan, arriving 21 August. Next day students and faculty of the Taiwan National Defense College were received on board for a tour of the ship.

   • 2015 July 21, Bill Clinton, Clinton arrives in Taiwan, plus speech‎^[4], Associated Press, 0:50 from the start:

     I noted that there have been some direct air flights recently so I see continuing negative tensions over political differences and positive economic and personal contacts. I had reminded everyone that I wanted a peaceful resolution to the differences between China and Taiwan agreed to by people on both sides of the Strait....One thing I am sure of - and the progress of Taiwan since I first came here so long ago proves it - the more people have positive things to do, the more they have something good to look forward to when they get up in the morning, the less likely they are to fall into destructive patterns and the more likely they are to lead their communities and their nations, and the world to a better place.

   • 2019, “President Tsai meets US Senator Ted Cruz”, in Office of the President Republic of China (Taiwan)‎^[5]:

     The senator then remarked that all eyes in the world are focused on Hong Kong, and on the brutal repression that is being visited upon the people of Hong Kong. The stakes being fought for are democracy and freedom, he said, and that is what Taiwan rightfully symbolizes to the world. He firmly reiterated that the American people are proud to be friends of Taiwan, and proud to stand with Taiwan.

   • 2020, Kuang-shun Yang, “Would Bernie Sanders Defend Taiwan?”, in The Diplomat‎^[6]:

     One moment that caught many people’s attention came when the host, Anderson Cooper, asked for Sanders’ view, as a potential commander-in-chief, should China take military action against Taiwan. Sanders responded straightforwardly: “I mean, I think we have got to make it clear to countries around the world that we will not sit by and allow invasions to take place, absolutely.”

2. An island between the Taiwan Strait and Philippine Sea, also known as Formosa.
   • 1669, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company on the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperor of China‎^[7], pages 20-21:

     So upon the 20. of August Mr. Federick Schzdel a Merchant, ſet ſail in the good Ship called the Brown Fiſh, very richly freighted with all ſorts of Merchandizes from Taiwan to Canton ; and after nine days ſail, landed in the Canton River, at a place called Heytamon.

   Synonym: Formosa

3. A province of the Republic of China
   • 1979 October 7, “Govt succeeds in efforts to narrow income gap”, in Free China Weekly‎^[8], volume XX, number 39, Taipei, page 1:

     The income gap between the rich and the poor in Taiwan Province was narrowed considerably between 1968 and 1978, Lin Kai-fan, director of the Provincial Department of Budgets, Accounting & Statistics, told members of the Provincial Assembly Sept. 24.

4. A claimed province of the People's Republic of China
   • 2011 [31 January 1979], Jimmy Carter, White House Diary‎^[9], →ISBN, LCCN 2010015544, OCLC 712116640, page 286:

     I had my final meeting with Deng Xiaoping. We signed agreements concerning consular offices, trade, science and technology, cultural exchange, and so forth. After discussing the political problems I had in normalization, Zbig asked him, "Did you have political opposition in China?" Everybody listened very carefully when Deng said, "Yes, I had serious opposition in one province in China—Taiwan."

5. (historical) Synonym of Tainan

使用する際の注意点

Taiwan and Taiwanese are both widely used as attributives, e.g. Taiwan/Taiwanese culture, the Taiwan/Taiwanese government, Taiwan/Taiwanese food, etc.

派生語

• Taiwanese
• Taiwan Strait

参考

• Countries of the world

Further reading

• Taiwan on Wikivoyage.

参照

アナグラム

• atwain

固有名詞

T'ai-wan

1. Alternative form of Taiwan
   • 1876, Emil Bretschneider, “Chinese Intercourse with the Countries of Central and Western Asia in the Fifteenth Century”, in China Review‎^[1], volume 4, number 6, page 386:

     The Chinese now call Formosa 臺灣 Tʻai-wan which is properly the name of the capital of the island, situated on the western coast. But Tʻai-wan is mentioned also in the Ming-shi as a place of Ki-lung-shan, where about A.D. 1620 the red-haired barbarians (the Dutch) settled.

   • 1904, J. J. M. DeGroot, Sectarianism and Religious Persecution in China‎^[2], volume II, Amsterdam: Johannes Müller, pages 343-344:

     Consternation and despair seized the district, and great numbers of sectaries and their families flocked together for the defence of their hearths and homes. Ch'ai Ta-ki abandoned Chang-hwa, and retired into T'ai-wan 臺灣, the chief city of the island....The rapid success of the insurgents was party owing to the circumstance that the Formosa cities in those days were unwalled, and merely surrounded by fences of living bamboo, no masonry being proof against the earthquakes frequently occurring in the island. T'ai-wan, likewise protected by a bamboo fence, was harried both from the north and the south, but successfully defended by Ch'ai Ta-ki...He called back the population, but with these many insurgents swarmed in, surprised the town again on the 10th of the third month (Apr. 27), and drove Hoh Chwang-yiu back to T'ai-wan.

   • 1958, C. K. Leung and Norton Ginsburg, editor, The Pattern of Asia‎^[3], Edgewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., page 177:

     The hilly topography restricts the cultivated area mainly to the valleys of the Hsi River and of its tributaries in Kuang-hsi and Kuang-tung and the lowlands of T'ai-wan and Hai-nan. Western T'ai-wan and the Hsi River delta have extremely high population densities.

   • 1980, C. K. Leung and Norton Ginsburg, editor, China: Urbanization and National Development‎^[4], page 267:

     The Beijing Review, 46, November 16, 1979, p. 17, reported a population of 975 million including T'ai-wan and describes programs designed to attain zero population growth by the year 2000.